Historical Events and Dates

The 2002 Bali bombings occurred on 12 October 2002 in the tourist district of Kuta on the Indonesian island of Bali. The attack killed 202 people. A further 209 people were injured.

In 1918 the Representation of the People Act was passed which allowed women over the age of 30 who met a property qualification to vote. Although 8.5 million women met this criteria, it was only about two-thirds of the total population of women in the UK.

The Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989. In 1989, political changes in Eastern Europe and civil unrest in Germany put pressure on the East German government to loosen some of its regulations on travel to West Germany.

Up till 1871, Germany had not been a single country, but a collection of many tiny states. In 1871, however, Prussia the biggest German state defeated France in a war. Germany took the two French provinces of Alsace and Lorraine and the new German Empire was declared in the Palace of Versailles near Paris.

Nelson Mandela served 27 years in prison, split between Robben Island, Pollsmoor Prison, and Victor Verster Prison. Amid growing domestic and international pressure, and with fears of racial civil war, President F. W. de Klerk released him in 1990.

Britain joined EEC in January 1973 under the premiership of Edward Heath. The 1974 Wilson government was unhappy with the terms of EEC membership and held a referendum in June 1975.

The transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China occurred on July 1, 1997.

The Socialist thoughts became popular during 1930s in and out of Congress party. By 1934, a Socialist Group had clearly emerged in the congress. Most of the socialists were younger generation. They established Congress Socialist Party. Jaya Prakash Narayan became its General Secretary. Acharya Narendra Dev, Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas chandra Bose were the other leaders. Though Nehru identified himself as Socialist, he was with Gandhiji. The Socialists organized the farmers and workers to attain social justice in Indian society. Jayaprakash Naryan, Ram Manohar Lohia and Aruna Asf Ali and other Socialist leaders took part in Quit India movement and performed major roles in its success and emerged as popular leaders.

 Over the nineteenth century, ideas changed. By the 1830s, women in England began agitating for democratic rights. They started a suffrage movement. Suffrage movement was a movement wherein women demanded the right to vote.

The mission spent some 3 weeks to discuss with the leaders of various political parties, but could not arrive at any agreed solution. So finally it announced its own recommendations on May 16, 1946.

Lord Wavell, the Governor-General of India, with a view to resolving the deadlock in Indian politics put forward a plan which is known as the 'Wavell Plan' announed in 1945. It proposed the formation of an interim government. It had the provision of a new Executive Council at the centre in which all the members except the Viceroy and the Commander in Chief would be Indian..

Edwin Chadwick's landmark 'Report on the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain' was published in 1842, following a government investigation.

The Royal Commission to investigate the employment of women and children in mines was established in 1842, leading to the Mines Act of the same year.

The Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in 1992. Earth summit at Rio, Brazil, promoted 'Convention on Biological Diversity' (CBD), which was signed by 152 nations. Its recommendations came into effect on 29th Dec. 1993. India became a party to this 'Convention on Biological Diversity' in May 1994.