Historical Events and Dates

Guantanamo Bay detention camp was established by the United States in January 2002 under the Bush administration following the 9/11 attacks to detain prisoners captured in the War on Terror. The camp is located on Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba and has been controversial due to allegations of human rights violations and indefinite detention without trial. It was specifically created to hold detainees designated as 'enemy combatants.'

The Secretary of State for India or India Secretary was the British Cabinet minister responsible for the Government of India, Burma and Aden, and the political head of the Indian Office. The post was created in 1858 when the East India Company's rule in India ended and British India was brought under the direct administration of the government in London, beginning a period that is often called the British Raj. 

The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms were reforms introduced by the British Government in India to introduce self-governing institutions gradually to India. The reforms take their name from Edwin Samuel Montagu, the Secretary of State for India during the latter parts of World War I and Lord Chelmsford, Viceroy of India between 1916 and 1921. The reforms were outlined in the Montagu-Chelmsford Report prepared in 1918 and formed the basis of the Government of India Act 1919. Indian nationalists considered that the reforms did not go far enough while British conservatives were critical of them. 

Correct answer is (3).  

Agenda 21 is a non-binding, voluntarily implemented action plan of the United Nations with regard to sustainable development. It is a product of the UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. The "21" in Agenda 21 refers to the 21st century.

Correct answer is (1). 

Correct answer is (1). 

Correct answer is (2). 

Correct choice. The Board of Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) came into existence in the year 1987.

The United Nations General Assembly designated the 1990s as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR). Its basic objective was to decrease the loss of life, property destruction, and social and economic disruption caused by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, landslides, volcanic eruptions, droughts, locust infestations and other disasters of natural origin.

The Uniting for Peace Resolution (UNGA Resolution 377) was adopted on 3 November 1950 during the Korean War crisis. It empowered the General Assembly to recommend collective measures when the Security Council fails to act due to lack of unanimity among permanent members. 1949 is too early, and 1951-1952 came after its adoption.

The 'plan holiday' refers to the period 1990-92 when India suspended formal Five Year Planning due to severe economic crisis and political instability. This period included the 1991 economic crisis, balance of payment crisis, and initiation of structural reforms. The Eighth Five Year Plan could not be launched on schedule (1990) due to these circumstances. Annual plans were prepared for 1990-92 instead.

The Planning Commission was established on 15^th March, 1950.

The European Social Charter was adopted in 1961 and came into force in 1965, establishing a framework for social rights in Europe. It guarantees rights related to housing, health, education, employment, and social protection. The Charter was revised in 1996 to update and strengthen these social protections. It's one of the key Council of Europe treaties alongside the European Convention on Human Rights.

Option B is correct. The United Nations was established on October 24, 1945, after the ratification of the UN Charter by the five permanent Security Council members. The Charter was drafted and signed earlier in 1945 in San Francisco. The UN was created in response to WWII atrocities to prevent future conflicts.