Historical Events and Dates

Option (1) is the correct answer. 

FEMA (Foreign Exchange Management Act) replaced FERA and came into effect on 1st June 2000. This act liberalized foreign exchange regulations in India, moving from a restrictive framework to a more manageable system. The date 1st June 2000 marks the implementation of this significant economic reform.

The United Nations proclaimed 2005-2015 as the International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' to focus on water-related issues globally. This decade-long initiative aimed to promote sustainable water management and improve access to clean water and sanitation.

The American Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, formally announcing the separation of the 13 American colonies from Great Britain. This document marked the official birth of the United States as an independent nation, though the Revolutionary War continued until 1783.

The Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 was passed by the British Parliament, abolishing slavery throughout the British Empire. The Act received royal assent on August 28, 1833, and took effect on August 1, 1834. This landmark legislation freed approximately 800,000 enslaved people in the British Caribbean, South Africa, and Canada, making Britain a leader in the abolition movement.

The Reform Act of 1832 (also called the Great Reform Act) was a landmark British law that reformed the electoral system. It extended voting rights to more men and eliminated rotten boroughs. This was the first major electoral reform in England.

The Euro was officially launched as an accounting currency on January 1, 1999, and the first EU budget presented in Euro currency was in that year. Physical Euro notes and coins were introduced later in 2002.

Correct option is (3).

The first atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 was codenamed 'Little Boy'. The second bomb dropped on Nagasaki was called 'Fat Man'.

The handover occurred on July 1, 1997, ending 156 years of British colonial rule. This date was specified in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration, which agreed to transfer Hong Kong's sovereignty at midnight on June 30, 1997. 1950 is too early, 1985 was when the Joint Declaration was registered (not the handover), and 2000 is three years after the actual event.

The Secondary Education Commission, also known as the Mudaliar Commission (1952-53), was appointed to reform secondary education in India. It recommended diversification of courses at the secondary level and emphasized vocational education. The commission's tenure was 1952-53.

The University Education Commission was established in 1948, immediately after independence, to review and reconstruct the university education system in independent India. It was the first major education commission of free India.

The United Nations declared 2008 as the International Year of Potato to raise awareness about potato's role in agriculture, food security, and poverty alleviation worldwide. This celebrated the potato's importance as a staple crop supporting millions of farmers globally.

The Republic of China was officially proclaimed on January 1, 1912, following the success of the 1911 Xinhai Revolution. Sun Yat-sen became the first provisional president.

The League of Nations was founded in 1920 as part of the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I. It was the first worldwide intergovernmental organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.