Historical Dates and Events

Vasco da Gama first arrived in India at Calicut (now Kozhikode) in Kerala in 1498, marking the beginning of European colonial influence in India. He sailed around the Cape of Good Hope to reach the Malabar Coast. This established the sea route from Europe to India, bypassing the overland Silk Route controlled by Arabs and Turks.

Kuvempu was born on December 29, 1904. He was a prominent Kannada writer, poet, and playwright who received the Jnanpith Award. Option C is correct. Options A and B have incorrect dates. Option D places him in a different year and month.

Despite its name, the Thirty Years' War actually lasted exactly 30 years from 1618 to 1648. The conflict began with the Defenestration of Prague and ended with the Peace of Westphalia. The name is historically accurate in its duration.

According to the Mahabharata, the Kurukshetra war between the Pandavas and Kauravas lasted for 18 days. Each day had specific battles and the war ended with the defeat of the Kauravas. The epic describes the events in detail across multiple chapters.

The Battle of Plassey was fought on June 23, 1757 between the British East India Company led by Robert Clive and Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawal of Bengal. This decisive victory, achieved through treachery and strategic alliances, marked the beginning of British political and economic control over the Indian subcontinent. The year 1857 refers to the Indian Rebellion, while 1754 and 1756 are incorrect.

The Battle of Bautzen (1813) was a major engagement during the Napoleonic Wars, where Napoleon defeated the combined Russian and Prussian forces. It was part of the German campaign of 1813.

The Battle of Buxar (1764) was fought between the British East India Company and the combined forces of Mir Qasim (Bengal), Shuja-ud-Daula (Awadh), and Shah Alam II (Mughal Emperor). This decisive victory established British supremacy in Bengal.

The First Battle of Panipat was fought in 1526 between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi. This historic battle resulted in Babur's victory and laid the foundation of the Mughal Empire in India.

Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, lived during the 6th century BCE (approximately 563-483 BCE according to Buddhist tradition). Historical sources place him in this era, reigning as a prince in what is now Nepal/Northern India before his enlightenment.

The Kurukshetra War (Mahabharata war) lasted for 18 days, fought between the Pandavas and Kauravas. Each day had specific battles and key events, culminating in the final confrontation on the 18th day. The epic Mahabharata describes these 18 days of intense warfare in detail.

Mother Teresa took her initial vows as a nun on May 24, 1931 in Darjeeling, India. This was after she completed her religious training with the Sisters of Loreto in Ireland. The initial vows marked her formal entry into religious life before she took her final vows in 1937.

Alexander the Great's famous horse was named Bucephalus (spelled 'Beucephalus' in the options - a minor phonetic misspelling). Bucephalus was a legendary black horse who accompanied Alexander throughout his military campaigns. The other names are fictional or incorrect.

The Battle of Plassey, a decisive British East India Company victory under Robert Clive, began at 7:00 a.m. on June 23, 1757. This battle in Bengal established British political control over India and is a landmark event in colonial history. The battle lasted several hours and resulted from disputes between the Nawab of Bengal and the Company.

Swami Vivekananda was born on January 12, 1863, in Kolkata. He was a key figure in introducing Indian philosophies to the Western world. January 12 is now celebrated as National Youth Day in India in his honor.