Geography · General Awareness

Geology and Earth Structure

1,345 Questions

Geology and Earth Structure explores the physical composition of the planet, including its layers, tectonic plates, and seismic activity. This topic is a core component of geography and general science sections in various competitive exams. Reviewing these concepts builds a solid foundation for answering questions related to natural phenomena.

Layers of the EarthTectonic PlatesEarthquakes and VolcanoesGeomagnetism ApplicationsGeophysical MethodsLandform Formation

Geology and Earth Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is/are correct about the Peninsular block?

a. Before the plate broke and moved towards north, it was subjected to various vertical movements and block faulting. b. The rift valleys of the Narmada, the Tapi and the Mahanadi and the Satpura block mountains were created by this ancient block faulting. c. The river valleys of the mountains in it are steep with high gradients.

  1. a, b and c

  2. a and b

  3. a and c

  4. only a

  5. only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as both statements a and b are correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the Peninsular mountains?

a. They are young, stable and residual in their geological structure. b. They are still subjected to the development of faults, folds and thrust plains. c. These mountains are tectonic in origin, dissected by fast-flowing rivers.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. b and c

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as both statements b and c are correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

a. The Indian and Australian plates were joined millions of years ago. b. The Indian plate moved northwards after breaking away from the Australian plate. c. The northward movement of the Indian plate stopped after it joined the Asian plate.

  1. a only

  2. b only

  3. c only

  4. a and b

  5. a, b and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as this statement is incorrect. The northward movement of the Indian plate is still continuing.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a. The Peninsula was formed by ancient gneisses and granites, which constitute a major part of it. b. The Peninsular block is a rigid block with the exception of some of its western coast which is submerged beneath the sea. c. The original basement of the whole block is unchanged despite the tectonic activity.

  1. a and b

  2. a and c

  3. b and c

  4. a, b and c

  5. a only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as all the statements are correct.

Multiple choice

Knot is a measure of

  1. The speed of ship

  2. The curvature of spherical objects

  3. Solar radiation

  4. Intensity of earthquake shock
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A knot is a unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour. It is primarily used in maritime and aviation contexts to measure the speed of ships and aircraft. 1 knot equals approximately 1.15 miles per hour or 1.85 kilometers per hour.

Multiple choice

Lithosphere consist of

  1. Water component of environment

  2. Solid component of earth crust

  3. Gases component of environment

  4. both (1) and (3)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of Earth, consisting of the crust and the uppermost mantle. It is a rigid layer broken into tectonic plates that 'float' on the more ductile asthenosphere beneath. This distinguishes it from the hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (gases).

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about petroleum occurrences are correct?

a. The petroleum occurrences in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps in the rock formations of the quaternary age. b. In regions of folding, the oil gets trapped in the downfold of the synclines. c. Petroleum is sometimes found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks. d. Limestone or sandstone is the oil bearing layer.

  1. a and b

  2. b and c

  3. c and d

  4. a and d

  5. b and d
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as both statements are correct. Petroleum is sometimes found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks. Limestone or sandstone is the oil bearing layer as these rocks are porous and are surrounded by non-porous rocks.

Multiple choice

The hottest part of earth is its

  1. surface

  2. ocean surface

  3. core

  4. equator
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Earth's core is the hottest part of our planet, with temperatures reaching up to 6000°C in the inner core. This is due to residual heat from Earth's formation and radioactive decay. The surface, ocean surface, and equator are all much cooler in comparison.