Biology

Genetics and Plant Breeding

1,177 Questions

Genetics and Plant Breeding explores the principles of heredity, chromosomal inheritance, and hybridization techniques. It includes key concepts like Mendelian genetics, gene linkage, and polygenic inheritance. This topic is essential for students tackling advanced biology or botany sections in competitive examinations.

Mendelian InheritanceChromosome TheoryGene LinkagePolygenic InheritancePlant HybridizationPopulation Genetics Equilibrium

Genetics and Plant Breeding Questions

Multiple choice pleiotropy genetics zoology

A pleiotropic gene is

  1. $I^A$
  2. $Hb^S$
  3. $Hb^A$
  4. $I^B$.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The gene having multiple phenotypic effects is called pleiotropic genes. Eg: Sickel cell anaemia. This is caused by a gene HbS. When it is a homozygous condition, sickle cell anaemia occurs or if it is in the homozygous condition, act as a carrier.

So, the correct option is 'HbS’

Multiple choice botany biotechnology and its applications biopiracy biotechnological regulations principles and process of biotechnology

A plant containing variation in the genetic composition is an example of  _________.

  1. Gene pool

  2. Chromosome

  3. Genetic resources

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Genetic resources are the genes found in plants and animals that are actual or potential value to people. Thus a plant containing variation in the genetic composition is an example of genetic resources. Hence option C is the correct answer.

Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Mendelism is related with______________

  1. Heredity in living beings

  2. Meiosis during sexual reproduction

  3. Mutations in living organisms

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Mendel is widely considered a pioneer in the field of genetics. Gregor Mendel, known as the "father of modern genetics," was born in Austria. A monk, Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. 
  • His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns, subsequently becoming the foundation of modern genetics and leading to the study of heredity.
Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Which among the following deals with study of heredity?

  1. Resemblances and differences between the parents and offsprings

  2. Differences between the parents and the offsprings

  3. Resemblances between the parents and the offsprings

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Heredity can be defined as the passing of traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. This is the process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to the characteristics of its parent cell or organism. Through heredity, variations exhibited by individuals can accumulate and cause some species to evolve through the natural selection of specific phenotype traits. The study of heredity in biology is called genetics, which includes the field of epigenetics. Study of heredity deals with resemblances and differences between the parents and offsprings. Thus, option A is correct and other options are wrong.

Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

The transmission of traits from parents to offspring is called ____

  1. Characteristic

  2. Heredity

  3. Donation

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During sexual reproduction, traits from parents are transmitted to offspring. These are combinations of male and female parent. This is called heredity.

Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

In heredity, the genes are obtained from

  1. Father

  2. Mother

  3. Both

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents(i.e both father and mother) to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.

So, the correct answer is 'Both'.
Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Transmission of traits from one generation to the next generation is called as

  1. Reproduction

  2. Heredity

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Heredity can be defined as the passing of phenotypic traits from parents to their offspring, either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. This is the process by which an offspring cell or organism acquires or becomes predisposed to the characteristics of its parent cell or organism. Through heredity, variations exhibited by individuals can accumulate and cause some species to evolve through the natural selection of specific phenotypic traits. 
Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Heredity deals with the study of______________

  1. Resemblances and differences between the parent and offspring

  2. Resemblances between the parent and offspring

  3. Differences between the parent and offspring

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the process of sexual reproduction, the offsprings produced neither totally resemble (i.e., identical to) their parents nor are they totally different from their parents. Hence, heredity deals with the study of both resemblances and differences of offspring with their parents.

Multiple choice evs - i growth and personality development heredity and other supporting factors for development all together community work and its importance

Being born with certain features or traits in common with the members of our family is 'heredity'.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hereditary characters are physical or mental characteristics that pass from one generation to another in a family. Heredity is passing of that trait or certain features from parents to offspring.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Resistance to $jassids$ in cotton plants and to cereal leaf beetle in wheat plants is due to _____________.

  1. Biochemical characters

  2. Physiological characters

  3. Morphological characters

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Resistance to jassids in cotton and cereal leaf beetle in wheat is primarily due to morphological characters, such as the presence of hairs (trichomes) on the leaves.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Pusa Gaurav variety resistant to insect pest developed by hybridization and selection belong to:

  1. Flat bean

  2. Okra

  3. Rapeseed mustard

  4. Wheat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
 CROP VARIETY  INSECT PESTS 
Brassica (rapeseed mustard)   Pusa Gaurav   Aphids. 

So, the correct option is 'rapeseed mustard'

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

The colour of high yielding Mexican wheats were not liked by the Indians. It was originally red grained. Their cultivation was adopted in India on the large, scale only when exposure to gamma radiations converted them to amber grained. Which of following methods of plant-breeding has been put into practice in the given case? 

  1. Polyploid breeding

  2. Interspecific hybridisation

  3. Issue culture

  4. Mutation breeding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Mutation breeding is the way toward presenting seeds to synthetic concoctions or radiation so as to create freaks with attractive qualities to be reproduced with different cultivars. 

So, the correct answer is 'Mutation breeding'.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Which of the following is an example of mutation breeding?

  1. Pusa Swarnim, resistant to white rust

  2. Mung bean, resistant to yellow mosaic virus

  3. Pusa Sadabahar, resistant to chilli mosaic virus

  4. Pusa Gaurav, resistant to aphids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of mutation breeding involves inducing mutations artificially through use of chemicals or radiations and selecting plants that have the desirable character as a source in breeding.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding plant breeding for disease resistance and insect resistance method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production

Haploid plants are preferred over diploids for mutation study because in haploids

  1. Recessive mutations express immediately

  2. Induction of mutations is easier

  3. Culturing is easier

  4. Dominant mutations express immediately.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Haploid plants contain only one set of chromosomes. Because there is no second allele to mask the effect of a recessive mutation, any mutation that occurs will be expressed phenotypically immediately.

Multiple choice types of endosperms plant kingdom biology

When a heterozygous maize plant with coloured and full endosperm seed is crossed to a plant with colourless and shrunken seeds , in the progeny 480 colored full endosperm seed containing 20 colored shrunken seed containing and 20 colorless and full endosperm seed containing plants are produced What is the percentage of rfecombination?

  1. 96

  2. 4

  3. 50

  4. 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When a heterozygous maize plant with coloured and full endosperm seed is crossed to a plant with colourless and shrunken seeds. In the progeny 480 coloured full endosperm seed containing 20 coloured shrunken seed containing and 20 colourless and full endosperm seed containing plants are produced. The percentage of recombinants are 38%. 

no option