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If the antecedent clause is in present perfect, the subsequent must be in past perfect.

Simple past will be used as past tense is used with 'sang'.

When using 'lie down' to indicate reclining, the present participle form (-ing) is used to describe simultaneous or accompanying action. 'He lay down thinking of his love' shows he lay down AND was thinking at the same time. Option B is grammatically correct. Option A uses infinitive form which suggests purpose, C 'in thinking' is incorrect usage, and D 'for thinking' suggests the reason for lying down rather than simultaneous action.

After "makes" (causative verb), use the bare infinitive without "to". The correct structure is "makes [someone] [bare infinitive]". "Believe" is the bare infinitive, so "believe things not going to happen" is correct. Options B, C, and D incorrectly add "do" or "to" which breaks the causative structure.

This is an inverted conditional (first conditional). "Should you fall short" is the inverted form of "If you should fall short". It expresses a real possibility in the future. Options A, B, and D don't create proper conditional structures when inverted.

The logical and correct choice is option (1). When having someone do something there is no need to use the preposition "to" so options (2) and (4) are incorrect. Option (3) is incorrect because of the tense of the sentence which is in the simple past and therefore, there is no need for the 'ing' form of the verb. 

This is an optative subjunctive expressing a wish about something contrary to fact (father is not alive). "Would that" is a traditional subjunctive formula meaning "I wish that". It's followed by past subjunctive "were" (not "was"). Options B and C don't fit the optative structure.

"from"

No specific day is mentioned. Hence, 'a' is correct.

The definite article 'the' is used with 'capital of India' because 'capital' is a unique, specific noun phrase - there is only one capital of India (New Delhi). When referring to unique things like 'the sun,' 'the president,' or 'the capital,' we use 'the' rather than indefinite articles 'a' or 'an.' This is a grammatical rule for definite nouns.

The definite article 'the' is used because 'lights' refers to specific lights - likely the lights in the room where they were having dinner. The context implies particular, identifiable lights rather than lights in general. 'The lights went off' is a common expression for when electrical illumination fails in a specific location.

The phrase 'Give me the strength to bear it all' uses the definite article 'the' with 'strength' because it refers to specific strength needed for this particular situation. This is a common idiomatic expression where 'the strength' means 'the particular strength required.' Using 'a strength' would sound unnatural and change the meaning to imply multiple types of strength.

The superlative adjective 'best' always requires the definite article 'the'. When comparing something as the ultimate example of its category, we use 'the best'. Option C is correct.

When referring to 'a group of', we use the indefinite article 'a' because group starts with a consonant sound. The phrase 'a group of islands' is the correct construction. Option A is correct.

The word 'apple' begins with a vowel sound, so we use the indefinite article 'an'. Option B is correct because 'an' is used before words starting with vowel sounds.