Environmental Policy and Law

2.5 marks for Option (c) 1 mark for Option (b) 0 marks for Option (a) or (b) Rationale/ Reasoning Rationale/ Reasoning (c) As an executive authority your must implement valid orders of statutory bodies, without being swayed by its consequences. Though the order of closure of tanneries is apparently harsh on the workers, it is of greater good for a larger population which otherwise would be affected by the pollution. Besides, as a government authority your duty is to uphold the law and in no way assist or be a mute spectator of its breach. As such, Option (c) is the best course. Further measures can be taken by administration to rehabilitate the displaced labour and ameliorate the hardship suffered. (b) Option (b) shows lack of desire to shoulder responsibility and take action on one’s own. (a) & (d) Option (a) and (d) would be violative of a valid legal order. Principle/ Value Tested Desire to implement and uphold law and not buckle under pressure

This is the correct answer, as all these reasons, apart from an improved public image and social benefits, make a case for pollution control by businesses.

This would increase the air pollution. So, it was not adopted.

Petroleum conservation research association

 (c)

Pollution prevention is reducing or eliminating waste at the source by modifying production processes, promoting the use of non-toxic or less toxic substances, implementing conservation techniques, and reusing materials rather than putting them into the waste stream. The Pollution Prevention Act defines "source reduction" to mean any practice which reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant or contaminant entering any waste stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions); prior to recycling, treatment or disposal.  

Vehicular emission norms and fuel quality specifications are standard regulatory measures used in India to control air pollution. Electrostatic precipitators are typically used in industrial chimneys, not in vehicles.

Bharat stage emission standard is instituted by the Government of India to regulate the output of air pollutants from engine equipment including motor vehicles. It ios based on the European regulation.

Bharat Stage (BS) emission norms are standards instituted by the Government of India to regulate the output of air pollutants from internal combustion engine equipment, specifically automobiles.

Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate is a certificate that is mandatory for every vehicle owner to carry. The certification indicates that the emissions from the vehicle meet the standard pollution norms and do not pollute the environment by determining whether the vehicle contributes to air pollution. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Non-renewable are the sources that cannot be renewed and available in limited quantities. Examples include coal, oil, and natural gas. As petrol, diesel and coal are non-renewable material we have to use them carefully. Apart from this, use of such resources increase air pollution by emitting smoke.

Hence it is always best to reduce the usage of coal, petrol and diesel. This is achieved by car-pooling or using public transport and by using bicycles to travel short distances.

MPCB is the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. It implements a range of environmental legislation in the state of Maharashtra, India. The MPCB functions under the administrative control of Environment Department of the Government of Maharashtra.

The Ministry of Environment and Forests has. initiated Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan, to save these major rivers of our country from pollution. Under these plans, it is proposed to build a large number of sewage treatment plants so that only treated water may be discharged in the rivers.

With development and advancement, industries, factories and other establishments have become necessary reality, the pollution can be mitigated by adopting measures as to the treatment of waste at generating source before it is exposed in the environment, reducing the generation of waste material and recycling the waste over and again wherever possible. Preventing the discharge that contaminates the fresh drinking water source.

The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 is India's primary legislation for wildlife conservation. It provides legal framework for prohibiting hunting, protecting wildlife habitats, and regulating trade in wildlife products and parts.