English Reading Comprehension

When does a team task suffer?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.

The word 'discipline' means a training that creates obedience or self-controlled behaviour to the commands of a proper authority. In every walk of life, discipline is of supreme importance. When a number of people are engaged to perform some colossal task, they must abide by certain rules and obey the persons placed over them. That is called 'discipline'. If they do not abide by the rules or do not obey their superiors, the work is likely to suffer. Discipline is the backbone of character. Without discipline, nothing great can be achieved in life. A person is normally found to be disciplined from his childhood. It is a habit that one acquires from his environments, or by way of training. A child must be trained to study discipline from his early years. His habits, manners, movements, speeches- everything should be guided by the term of discipline so that a good personality can be acquired in his later life that helps one in one's upliftment.

Which word in the passage is used to refer to 'the relation of living organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings'?

Directions: Read the passage and answer the question that follows.

Global Warming occurs when the concentration of greenhouse gases increases in the atmosphere. The main greenhouse gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. These gases stop all the radiations from the Earth to escape back into space. This is known as the Greenhouse Effect. This trapped radiation or heat helps to keep the Earth at a constant temperature. Greenhouse effect plays a very important role in maintaining the temperature of the Earth at a habitable level. For the last 100 years, human have been burning trees and fossil fuels, thereby releasing millions of tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Due to increase in level of carbon dioxide the temperature of the earth’s surface rises. This, in turn, causes more water to evaporate into the atmosphere. Water vapour is also very good at absorbing heat. This causes the Earth’s atmosphere to become even warmer. Scientist has called this effect ‘Global Warming’. They have warned that Global Warming could change rainfall patterns, raise the sea level and disturb the ecological balance.

What does the word “nimbler” mean in the given context?

Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by out-of-control cell growth. There are over 100 different types of cancer, and each is classified by the type of cell that is initially affected. Cancer harms the body when damaged cells divide uncontrollably to form lumps or masses of tissue called tumors (except in the case of leukemia where cancer prohibits normal blood function by abnormal cell division in the blood stream). Tumors can grow and interfere with the digestive, nervous, and circulatory systems, and they can release hormones that alter body function. Tumors that stay in one spot and demonstrate limited growth are generally considered to be benign. When a tumor successfully spreads to other parts of the body and grows, invading and destroying other healthy tissues, it is said to have metastasized. This process itself is called metastasis, and the result is a serious condition that is very difficult to treat. In 2007, cancer claimed the lives of about 7.6 million people in the world. Physicians and researchers who specialize in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer are called oncologists. Scientists from the Physical Sciences-Oncology Centers, USA, reported in the journal Scientific Reports that malignant cells are much �nimbler� than non-malignant ones because they can pass more easily through smaller gaps, as well as applying a much greater force on their environment compared to other cells. Professor Robert Austin and team created a new catalogue of the physical and chemical features of cancerous cells with over 100 scientists from 20 different centers across the United States. The authors believe their catalogue will help oncologists detect cancerous cells in patients early on, thus preventing the spread of the disease to other parts of the body.

Which question is answered in the first paragraph? Popcorns were discovered by the native Americans thousands of years ago in Guatemala or Mexico.though they were popped in China Sumatra and India long before Columbus reached America. It is known as Popcorn and also �popping corn� because it is a special variety of corn also known as Zea mays everta. It expands because the water expands on it when heated.

Popcorns were not only used as food but also as decoration for ceremonial headdresses and as ornaments on statues of their Gods. It is a hearsay or an unproven theory that an Indian named Quadequina first popped the popcorn in a dear skinned bag filled with sand for the thanksgiving feast.
But today the popcorns are popped in the highly technological machines and you buy them at movies and fairs. Street vendors also sell them by making them through the steam of gas powered poppers in parks and exhibitions.

Which word best describes the diseases like pneumonia and typhoid? With the arrival of winters in 1777, General George Washington decided to camp at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania which was about eighteen miles west of Philadelphia. It was located between high hills and Schuylkill River which made it easy to defend. Since the area was at a distance from the British so it discouraged surprise attacks.

However, many of the 12000 soldiers of the Continental Army lacked supplies to survive the winter and others were starving. Thus, over 1000 huts were built to provide some relief to the soldiers.It was impossible for the soldiers to stay dry due to moisture from rain and melting snow. This also led to spread of diseases. the only food the soldiers received was \'firecake\' a mixture made from flour and water. Occasionally, soldiers received meat and bread. Soldiers dint get adequate food, lacked clothes and shoes. Due to the unsanitary conditions many soldiers died of diseases like pneumonia and typhoid. Over 2000 people died of such sickness.

The best title for the passage is

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the related question.

The much promised national policy has three major components: selective ban on the morally, indefensible and socially reprehensible practice of child labour, prevention of exploitation of child workers in permitted areas of activity and rehabilitation of those pulled out of prohibited employment.

The 1966 Act has been dubbed as a law that legitimises child labour and the target of attack particularly has been the proviso which in effect says that a child can work if it is part of family labour. This has rendered existing enactments in this field totally ineffective.
The rehabilitation segment of the policy is much too weak to make any impact. In the first phase, about 30,000 child workers are to be freed from the prohibited areas of employment and given education, health and vocational training. If the overseeing of rules and regulations intended to end exploitation – as for instance , higher minimum wages,  non-oppressive work schedule and facilities for rest and recreation – is a question of gearing up the watchdog machinery, social activist groups and voluntary welfare agencies should be given a significant supportive role.

What is the reaction of experts to this new English evolution? (Passage 1)

Answer the questions based on the following passage.
 
Passage 1

            ‘CU ltr’ If you are able to decipher this you will probably
            read ‘see you later’ in simple English. The growing trend of
            text messaging on our emails and cell communications has
            rung death knell for pure English. This reformed English has
(5)        done away with all spellings and grammatical fundamentals.
            The racing world wants instant communication which this
            new reformed English caters to and the whole world has
            lapped it up.
            We can hardly visualize the visages of rectified spellings,
(10)      adorning punctuation or polished grammar in our
            communication messages. This amended look of English
            has taken the instant chatter boxes within its stride. People
            have lost any regard for commas, full stops, and sentence
            or word formation. The verbal pronunciation of words has
(15)      been modified along with the sentence which seems to be
            interpreted in ‘Morse code’. This short cut communication is
            easy for the new zazzy genre but it’s difficult for the oldies to
            decode because it seems to be Latin or Greek for them.
            The slangs like plz, b’coz, axxident are difficult to associate
(20)      with. This informal non standard vocabulary comprising
            typically of coinages, arbitrarily changed words and extravagant
            and facetious figures of speech is not acceptable to the
            masters of English. Probably they feel this is the distortion of
            piousness of the subject. The well-read people don’t feel
(25)      elated if they have to use this short hand language, as they
            are comfortable with the originality of the language. But
            people with minimal English writing or verbal skills feel this
            to be a vital transition. Their motive is to pass their message
            irrespective of grammatical décor. They feel indulgence in
(30)      grammar checks as a waste of time. They ridicule the ones
            who try to be careful. The respectable English has lost its
            facet in the deal. The escapists who write English devoid
            of all ornamentation want to pass off their typing errors
            unnoticed by saying: this is the new English. These champions
(35)      of free style English smartly outdo the real English masters
            as outdated, because they are short of knowledge in slangs.
            It’s true that spoken English is less formal and free of
            grammatical check than one used in written correspondence
            but it should not outdo the originality of the language. The
(40)      conventions, softness and systematic style of the language
            should not be laxed. This growing trend should be
            immediately controlled otherwise the resumes would soon
            be peppered with this S.M.S language too. So, abbreviative
            style should no more hamper someone’s creativity in writing
(45)      skills.

Passage 2

            The British rule benefited Indians in only one way that the
            Indians got a sound intro to the most prestigious language
            of the world ‘English’. Many Indians today have mastered it
            and won international acclaim for their creative literature.
(5)        Globally, writers like ‘Arundhati Roy’ sold hundreds of
            thousands of copies of her book. English has intensified the
            prestige of many Indians like Shekhar Kapur. His English film
            ‘Elizabeth’ got many Oscar nominations.
            English has helped us interact with foreigners during our
(10)      commercial transactions. Our ambassadors, business
            entrepreneurs, trade managers, all have attained proficiency
            in this language and earned repute in their field of work.
            English, being the primary for all international communication,
            has become too vital for inter state commerce.
 (15)     Even the people across the country who were tied with their
            regional languages and felt short of words to interact with
            their countrymen have triumphed English and have
            enhanced their communication ability. Parliament too has
            acknowledged English as the official language, along with
(20)      Hindi our national language. Every institution insists on
            polishing it as one does one’s mother tongue.
            The will to learn English today is nurtured from the primary
            classes itself. There has been an outburst of demand to set
            up English medium schools in remote areas also. A language
(25)      is deterred if it poses threat to a regional language but not
            so with English. Indian languages are dwelling in their own
            domains as many use them for communication. English is
            like a historical legacy or increment to our own languages.
            English can open our door to the world as we can interact
(30)      with the people globally if we have a command on English.
            We are able to merge with the rest of the world.
            English is the medium which can broaden our horizons of
            knowledge and experience. Our view point can be put forth
            to the foreigners and we can confidently debate our point of
(35)      view. Many Indian spiritual gurus have foreign followers
            because with English they have expressed their ideas which
            have won many a foreign heart. Our culture and spirituality
            which earlier remained in bounds has gained an international
            identity.
(40)      Spoken English is not restricted to accent and pronunciation.
            It is mainly based on sharing experiences. So despite various
            verbal styles the originality stands. Though verbal speech
           differs globally, the standard written style is uniform.

What personal attributes does power yoga draw upon? (Passage 1)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

Which of the following has not been mentioned in the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

In the conflict of 'good & evil' who is sitting in judgment? (Passage 1, lines 10 - 11)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

Why are the two cola super brands in conflict? (Passages 1 and 2)

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

What is the essential difference between the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.

What differentiates passage 2 from passage 1?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage 1

            The west has a new initiative for the fitness freaks - Power
            Yoga remodeled from the Ashtanga Yoga. Power Yoga
            does not restrict the set of postures. They vary from session
            to session. But Power Yoga stresses upon muscle strength
(5)        and stretching. Power yoga has been the precursor of
            yoga’s existent prominence. People consider it to be a
            relaxing work out. The U.S. gyms got their first intro to yoga
            through power yoga.
            Power Yoga does not bewitch the physically unfit or obese
(10)      alone; it has an enticing effect on health freaks who enjoy
            exercising just for the heck of it. Power yoga is a modified
            western version of Indian Ashtanga yoga which is based on
            self-control, discipline and self denial of luxuries. It not only
            inculcates a regular physical work–out, it also upgrades
(15)      mental ability and concentration, though, to start with, it may
            cause a little uneasiness in muscles.
            A reputed Sanskrit scholar Shri K.Pattabhi Jois enlightened
            the western masses about yoga as a style of workout. He
            also introduced the yogic philosophies to them. Power yoga
(20)      is an abridged form of Ashtanga yoga. In Power Yoga the
            yogi needs only to perform the basic postures like Bikram
            yoga, which is an energy booster. It can easily be performed
            by newcomers in the field also. It enhances the body
            language, improves stamina and even flexibility level if one
(25)       can hold the postures longer. Power yoga involves yogic
            postures with synchronized breathing styles. Every action
            involves abundant elegance and dignity of postures. The
            fixation of concentration helps one to focus.
            An irregular Power Yoga may have free flowing dance like
(30)      movements. While a regular power yogi is able to contour
            his every limb impeccably and elegantly with profound
            peace and concentration in his eyes, the perfection in
            power yoga is a slow and tedious process. A few postures
            cannot be held by the uninitiated even for five breaths.
(35)      The session begins with a warm up, stretching muscles as
            a follow up. Its unusual aspect is that it is done in a heated
            room to achieve maximum muscle flexibility. The
            newcomers can feel the stretch hard for a few days. So,
            a few body-conditioning sessions are given before
(40)      initiation.

Passage 2

            Yoga has taken the limelight and many people have learnt
            the advantages of indulgence in it. In India since primeval
            times yoga has yielded health to yogis. People have
            inculcated regular yoga regime in their lives. It has since
(5)        enriched the lives of people on other lands also. Being an
            eastern concept, it took time before enveloping the western
            people in its stride.
            It helps cope with common ailments like bronchitis,
            constipation, stress and mental imbalance; even fatal
(10)      diseases like cancer can be cured. It revitalizes the lost
            immunity. The splendid news is that yoga today needs no
            long hours training. It only needs a consistent routine of
            forty five minutes daily. These forty five minutes if spent
            regularly can work wonders with your health. Yoga can
(15)      have a profound effect on our life style. In this chaotic
            materialistic world where tension surrounds everyone
            everywhere, a session of yoga can be a stress buster. It
            enhances concentration and helps those out of shape or
            obese. It briskly burns the calorie count and sheds the extra
(20)      flab from the body. No doubt it has gained ever- increasing
            popularity.
            Though yoga is said to have existed since commencement
            of the civilization, no potent proof supports this claim. The
            ancient seals show yogic postures taking yoga’s infancy to
(25)      around 3000 B.C. It has commendable mention in Upanishads,
            Vedas and the Gita. The Gita propagates Bhakti Yoga,
            Jnana Yoga and Karma Yoga. So we can attribute yoga to
            be the oldest practice of self enhancement. The classic
            version includes postures, meditation and breathing controls.
(30)      Meditation has been a unified part of yogic philosophy.
            Through it a mortal can have spiritual awakening. It relaxes
            us and awakens our consciousness. This simplistic technique
            has allured many in this fast paced world to rejuvenate their
           lives.

Derive a relation between the two passages?

Answer the question based on the following passages.

Passage – 1

            The ongoing conflict between two mega cola companies
            is known to all. All carbonated beverages generally lie under
            the flagship of two champs in this field, Coca Cola Company
            and PepsiCo. The brand conflict has furthered to a great
(5)        extent. The lust to dominate does not extend to supermarkets
            alone. The turmoil extends from control over restaurants
            supply of colas to supplies to big countries. The rivalry is for
            global control.
            This long battle to sweep the global market has lasted for
(10)      decades. It seems as legendary as the conflict of good and
            evil. But the choice depends on consumers’ taste buds.
            The consumer taste criteria adjudge what is ‘good’ and what
            is the ‘evil’.
            Both Coca cola and PepsiCo leave no stone unturned. They
(15)      go to the extent of deterring the rival company on URLs
            and through commercials. Despite all the convulsive
            episodes, and both companies claiming the ball to be in
            their court, the consumer i.e. the jury is still undecided who
            rules the market.

Passage – 2

            The steaming competition is forcing the companies to launch
            new products. The companies are daily remodeling their
            marketing strategy. Through commercials, promotional
            campaigns and consumer benefit schemes they want to
(5)        take the market with a stride but the judgment of the winner
            lies with the rising sales, profits and consumer loyalty. They
            are trying to increase the market share in other beverage
            categories.
            The war to lead the market goes on. Though Pepsi has often
(10)      shown the strategy of developing new products, Coke
            followed the steps and instructed the newly appointed
            marketing executives to pursue the same technique. Pepsi
            had innovative advertising ideas which Coca Cola lacked to
            an extent but both have tried to find and capture any new
(15)      market (foreign) that they could.
            The Coca Cola advertising heads have now tried to capture
            youth’s fancy by using celebrities. While Coca Cola is trying
            to bank on nostalgia with its new ‘Vanilla Coke. (John Travolta
            in pulp fiction at 50’s themed diner), Pepsi is taking over the
(20)      young chasers with Blue Pepsi. Whereas Coke is a leader in
            sodas, Pepsi banks on its snack business. If Pepsi allures the
            new genre, Coke also has a way to go with new consumers in
           its kitty.