English Grammar and Usage

This sentence has one subject (Hannah) and one predicate (works hard at school), making it a simple sentence.

This is a simple sentence with a compound predicate (did homework and cleaned up), not a compound sentence.

This is a compound sentence because it contains two independent clauses joined by a comma and the coordinating conjunction 'and'.

This is a compound sentence because it joins two independent clauses with the coordinating conjunction 'but'.

This is a simple sentence with a compound subject (Ivan and his mom) and a compound object (a chair and a desk), but only one independent clause.

This is a simple sentence with a compound subject (Myra and Simon), but it remains a single independent clause.

The punctuation mark, parentheses ( ), is used to enclose additional or extra information in a sentence, without influencing that sentence grammatically (the single bracket is called parenthesis whereas in a pair, ( ) is called parentheses). If the words enclosed in the parentheses are omitted, then the sentence won't be affected grammatically. If you look at options C and D, you'll see that the information in the parentheses "IST" and "or rather, lack of it" is additional. IST is a time zone and time zones are usually enclosed in parentheses, and "or rather, lack of it" is an extra, when omitted the sentence is not affected and is still complete. Hence these sentences use parentheses correctly, and options C and D are correct. In option A, when the phrase "and I" is removed from the sentence, the resulting sentence sounds incomplete, as "both" can't refer to the sister alone. The same goes for option B, April is one person and "are" is used for plural nouns. Hence in these sentences the parentheses haven't been used correctly and options A and B are wrong.

The double dash -- contains two em dashes, which are longer in length than the hyphen. Depending on the context, they can replace the parentheses, comma and colon. It's more informal, compared to the parentheses. It adds emphasis to a group of words that it encloses, hence separating it from the sentence. When the double dash is used to enclose additional information, the surrounding punctuation shall be omitted, hence the comma, which previously followed the parentheses shall be omitted. Since the comma has not been omitted, it is the error here and we have to choose option C. Exclamation marks '!' indicate surprise or a command that requires immediate action, here the phrase requires quick action, hence it's not an error and we do not choose option A. The double dash -- has replaced parenthesis, it encloses additional information, at the same time, brings emphasis to it. hence it's not an error and we don't have to choose option B. Full stops '.' are used at the end of a sentence like in the given one, hence it's not an error and we don't have to choose option D.

The punctuation mark, parentheses ( ), is used to enclose additional or extra information in a sentence, without influencing that sentence grammatically (the single bracket is called parenthesis whereas in a pair, ( ) is called parentheses). If the words enclosed in the parentheses are omitted, then the sentence won't be affected grammatically. From the given options, if you look at B and D you'll see that the information in parentheses is additional, "and phone" is an extra information without which the sentence is still complete. Parentheses are used to enclose an amount of money, like Rs. 2000 to provide the extra information. Hence, these sentences have used parentheses correctly, options B and D are right. In A, when the word "boots" is omitted, the sentence sounds incomplete, because the question arises 'red what?'. In C, the full stop is included inside the parenthesis, but the closing punctuation mark (full stop) should be placed outside the closing parenthesis. (When a parenthetical sentence is complete on its own, then the full stop is included before the closing parenthesis as well as after the original sentence.) Hence options A and C are incorrect.

Parenthesis is used to enclose information that clarifies or is used as an aside. Its use indicates that writer considered the information less important. In the given sentence, commas can be replaced with parenthesis. Thus. option C is correct. 

Parenthesis is used to enclose information that clarifies or is used as an aside. Its use indicates that writer considered the information less important. In the given sentence, commas can be used in place of parenthesis. But, there is no option available with commas. Parenthesis is correctly used in sentence. Thus. option A is correct. 

Compound sentences are those which contain more than one subject or predicate. Semicolon is used to show bigger separation when there is already comma within a sentence for smaller separations. 'Sturdy', 'flexible' and 'strong' are more than one predicate in the sentence thus semi colon is used after them to show bigger separation. The statement given is correct. thus, option D is correct option.