Biology
Embryonic Development
621 Questions
Embryonic development questions cover the biological processes of gamete fusion, germ layer formation, and fetal maturation. The focus lies in identifying extraembryonic structures, trophoblast functions, and sequential developmental stages. This specialized topic appears regularly in biology screening tests and medical entrance examinations.
Germ layer formationBlastocyst implantationExtraembryonic structuresFetal development stagesReproductive physiology
Embryonic Development Questions
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oviparous reproduction
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ovoviviparous reproduction
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viviparous reproduction
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All of the above
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The developing embryo does not receive nourishment from mother's body in oviparous reproduction.
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apomixis
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polyembryony
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parthenocarpy
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parthenogenesis
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Parthenogenesis is the development of an embryo from an unfertilised egg or if a spermatozoan does penetrate the egg, there is no union of male and female pronuclei. It is found in many plants (dandelions and hawk weeds) and animals (aphids and honey bees).
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differentiation
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metamorphosis
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organisation
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rearrangement
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell changes from one cell type to another. Usually, this is because a less specialised type becomes a more specialised type, such as during cell growth.
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cybrids
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embryoid
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callus
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hybrids
B
Correct answer
Explanation
When the somatic cells are cultured and the culture is made stationary, each cell starts differentiating into an
independent embryo showing all the stages of embryo development. These embryos are called embryoids,
which can give rise to a complete plant.
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Moderately telolecithal and mesolecithal
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Heavily telolecithal and polylecithal
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Microlecithal and homolecithal
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Polylecithal and centrolecithal
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Telolecithal also known as macrolecithal, refers to the uneven distribution of yolk in the cytoplasm of ovums found in birds, reptiles, fish, and monotremes. Mesolecithal eggs have comparatively more yolk than the microlecithal eggs. The yolk is concentrated in one part of the egg (the vegetal pole), with the cell nucleus and most of the cytoplasm in the other (the animal pole).
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Mesoderm
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Endoderm
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Ectoderm
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All the three layers
A
Correct answer
Explanation
In all bilaterian animals, the mesoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and endoderm (inside layer), with the mesoderm as the middle layer between them.The mesoderm forms mesenchyme (connective tissue), mesothelium, non-epithelial blood cells and coelomocytes. Mesothelium lines coeloms; forms the muscles in a process known as myogenesis, septa (cross-wise partitions) and mesenteries (length-wise partitions); and forms part of the gonads (the rest being the gametes)
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Obliteration of blastocoel
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Obliteration of archenteron
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Closure of blastopore
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Closure of neural tube
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cleavage
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gastrulation
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fertilisation
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blastulation
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Fertilisation is the first phase.
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endoderm
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ectoderm
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mesoderm
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all the above
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axile
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parietal
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central
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basal
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Sorghum, like other grasses (Poaceae), has a single ovule at the base of the ovary, which is characteristic of basal placentation.
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Vermiform Appendix
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Ileum
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Duodenal bulb
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Duodenum
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The appendix is a blind-ended tube connected to the cecum (or caecum), from which it develops embryologically. The cecum is a pouchlike structure of the colon. The appendix is located near the junction of the small intestine and the large intestine.
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selaginella
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marchantia
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funaria
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pteris
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Embryo development is meroblastic in selliginella.
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mesoderm,endoderm and ectoderm
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ectoderm
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endoderm
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None of these
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Epithelial tissues are derived from all of the embryological germ layers from ectoderm (e.g., the epidermis); from endoderm (e.g., the lining of the gastrointestinal tract); from mesoderm (e.g., the inner linings of body cavities).
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ectoderm
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endoderm
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mesoderm
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All of these
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Epithelium of the gut originates from the endoderm.
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Apogamy
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Apospory
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Parthenogenesis
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Embryogeny
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