Ecosystem Nutrition and Energy Flow

Elephants' large ears serve as radiators - they're thin and rich in blood vessels, allowing heat to dissipate through convection and radiation. This adaptation helps regulate body temperature in hot environments. Large feet are for weight distribution, humps are for food storage (in camels), and tusks are for defense.

Fennec foxes have exceptionally large ears (up to 15cm) that act as radiators to dissipate excess body heat. Blood vessels in the ears release heat to the environment, helping regulate body temperature in desert conditions. Their other features like thick fur (insulation) and wide paws (walking on sand) serve different purposes.

Humans are omnivores because they can digest and obtain nutrition from both plant sources (vegetables, grains, fruits) and animal sources (meat, dairy, eggs). Our digestive system includes enzymes for both plant cellulose breakdown and meat protein digestion. Autotrophs (option A) make their own food, herbivores (option B) eat only plants, and carnivores (option D) eat only meat.

Autotrophs are organisms capable of synthesizing their own food using simple inorganic substances, typically through photosynthesis (like green plants) or chemosynthesis. Heterotrophs depend on other organisms for food, herbivores specifically eat plants, and saprophytes feed on dead and decaying organic matter.

Scavengers are organisms that feed on dead animals that they did not kill themselves. Examples include vultures, hyenas, and some insects. Herbivores eat plants, carnivores hunt and kill live prey, and omnivores eat both plants and animals - none of these specifically characterize consumers of dead animals.

Rise in turgor pressure in guard cells of hollowed stomata is not associated with the enduring closure of stomata found on photosynthesizing plants organs in few desert plants.

Sporophytic is not a type of heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

Insectivorous plants grow in places which are deficient in nitrogen.

Yes, it is correct. Both 'a' and 'c' are correct statements. Plants are stationary and they do not move. Most of the plant tissues are dead and need less maintenance. Hence, animals consume more energy than plants.

In a food chain, energy flows from producers to consumers to decomposers. The sequence Fish → Salmon → Brown Bear represents increasing trophic levels, where each level preys on the previous one. Bacteria and fungi are decomposers that break down dead organisms at the end of the chain.

Saprophytes are organisms that obtain nutrition from dead and decaying organic matter, secreting enzymes to break down complex molecules externally. Parasites feed on living hosts. Autotrophic organisms produce their own food.

Consumers are the second link in a food chain. There are three levels of consumers, primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer. All animals that eat plants become the primary consumers. After primary consumers, there are secondary consumers who eat primary consumers, like bear and snake.

An animal that is an omnivore eats both plants and animals. A list of some omnivores include pigs, mice, bears, rats and human beings.

Energy passes from one animal to another as they eat plants or one another. This flow of energy from one living thing to another is called a food chain. Food chain shows how organisms depend on each other for food or we can say how the food transfers from one organism to another.

Cow and goats digest grass because of the presence of cellulose digesting bacteria in their gut.