Biology · Environmental Studies
Ecosystem Nutrition and Energy Flow
1,093 Questions
Ecosystem nutrition and energy flow questions cover trophic levels, food chains, and biodegradable materials. These concepts frequently appear in general science sections of major competitive exams. Review these questions to build a solid understanding of ecological interactions.
Trophic levels conceptFood chain orderAutotrophic nutritionEnergy assimilationScavengers and decomposers
Ecosystem Nutrition and Energy Flow Questions
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producer to primary consumer
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producer to decomposer
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primary consumer to secondary consumer
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secondary consumer to primary consumer
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secondary consumer to tertiary consumer
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Grasshopper (primary consumer) ------ Frog (secondary consumer).
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biotic component
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producers
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abiotic component
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consumers
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decomposers
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Edaphic factors are abiotic components; defined as 'ecological influences properties of the soil brought about by the physical and chemical characteristics'.
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Producers
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Herbivores
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Primary consumers
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Secondary consumers
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Tertiary consumers
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The total biomass is greatest at the producer level.
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eutrophication
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concentration
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biological magnification
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expansion
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biodegradation
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The process in which a harmful chemical enters the food chain and gets concentrated at each level is called biological magnification.
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The flow of energy is unidirectional.
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Green plants capture only 1% of radiant solar energy.
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The captured energy by autotrophs reverts back to the solar input.
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Average 10% organic matter is available at each trophic level.
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Lot of energy as heat is lost at each level.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
The captured energy by autotrophs do not reverts back to the solar input.
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Symbiotic
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Autotrophic
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Heterotrophic
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Saprotrophic
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Two groups of organisms can live together in a mutual way, i.e. they benefit one in one respect and get benefited from the other in another respect. Such mode of sharing shelter and nutrition in two groups of organisms is known as symbiotic mode of nutrition.
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carbon wastes
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creatinine
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Urea
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ammonia
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uric acid
E
Correct answer
Explanation
A uricotelic organism excretes uric acid or its salts as a result of deamination.
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Amoeba
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Fungus
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Spider
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Venus fly trap
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Fungus relies completely on external digestion.
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Each predator population has a greater biomass than its prey population.
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Each prey population has a greater biomass than its predator population.
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Each population is omnivorous.
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Both (1) and (3) are correct.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Each prey population has a greater biomass than its predator population in all food chains except in pond ecosystem.
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Urea
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Uric acid
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Guanine
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Ammonia
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Guanine is the primary waste product in arachnids.
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Saprotrophic
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Autotrophic
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Heterotrophic
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Holozoic
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Fungi feed on dead and decaying organic matter by releasing digestive enzymes from their bodies. Then, they absorb the digested and soluble form of food and derive their nutrition, which is known as saprotrophic nutrition.
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Animals that eat flesh are called carnivores.
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Animals that eat plants are called herbivores.
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Cat, human and crow are called omnivores.
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Hen and sheep are egg yielding animals.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Animals, according to their dietary habits, are of three types: flesh eating called carnivores, plant eating called herbivores, and both plant and flesh eating called omnivores. So, statements given in options (1) - (3) are correct. Hen is though a source of eggs but sheep is a wool yielding animal and thus, option (4) is incorrect.
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plant eaters
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insect eaters
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flesh eaters
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fish eaters
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Animals according to their dietary habits are of three types; flesh eating are called carnivores, plant eating are called herbivores and both plant and flesh eating are called omnivores.
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Human pathogens
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Agricultural pests
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Food for humans
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Biofertilisers
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Deroceras is a serious pest in greenhouses, grove snail is noxious to crops and limax is a pest slug.
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detritus food chain
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predator food chain
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consumer food chain
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parasitic food chain
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The food chain in which microorganisms break down the energy-rich compounds synthesised by producers is a detritus food chain.