Environmental Studies · Biology

Ecology and Biodiversity

1,737 Questions

Ecology and biodiversity are vital topics in environmental studies, covering ecosystem structures, species diversity, and environmental impacts. These concepts are frequently tested in competitive examinations for civil services and state selections. The questions cover carrying capacity, ecological succession, and conservation fundamentals.

Species richness measurementTypes of ecological diversityBiome distribution factorsCarrying capacity conceptEcosystem servicesEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Ecology and Biodiversity Questions

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

Population is

  1. All animals of an area

  2. All plants of an area

  3. All plants and animals of an area

  4. All individuals of a species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The answer is population because, population is defined as a community that consists of all the individuals of a given species in a specific area. All animals and plants of an area defines all species of plants or animals and in that sense we can say that number of plants or animals in the given area is there. But for a population to form we take into account all the individuals of a given species only, it makes it specific and therefore cannot comprise of  all the animals or plants. So the correct answer is ' all Individuals of a species'. 

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

A group of individuals of a plant or animal species, inhabiting a given area is called

  1. Biome

  2. Population

  3. Ecosystem

  4. Community
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A population consists of individuals of the same species inhabiting a given area. Biomes and ecosystems are larger, more complex levels of organization.

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

Which of these best describes a population? 

  1. All of the frogs, dragonflies and water nymphs living in a pond.

  2. All of the soil organisms in a garden including the type of soil and moisture content of the soil.

  3. All of the E. coli bacteria living in your intestines.

  4. All of the different types of birds living in a wetland.

  5. An individual Eastern Spotted Skunk Iivng in a prairie.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Population is a group of individual organisms of the same species in a given area.
Among all options, its option C which describes a population because it is showing the group of individuals of one species only i.e. E. coli living in a given area (intestine in this case).
So, the correct answer is 'All of the E. colibaceria living in your intestines'.
Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

The sum total of the populations of the same kind of organisms constitute

  1. Colony

  2. Genus

  3. Community

  4. Species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Species is a group of the same kind of the organisms.

Genus is a group of organisms which maybe of different species.
colony is usually an association of two or more different kind of organisms which live together usually in mutual relationships.
Community is a big group of organisms which may be of different kind but live together and use the same resources in the same area.
So the correct answer is' Species'.

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

Individuals having similar life cycle experiencing similar ecological parameters at similar stage of life cycle are

  1. Guild

  2. Population

  3. Ecocline

  4. Biotype
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

"Population" is defined as a group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a same given area. Members of a population often rely on the same resources and are subject to similar environmental constraints.

"Guild" is any group of species that exploit either same resources or different resources in related ways. Also, it is not necessary that the species within a guild occupy the same, or even similar  ecological niches.
"Ecoline"  is a physical transition zone. It is a variation of the physicochemical environment of one or two physicochemical factors.
"Biotype" is a group of individuals that are genetically identical but form a physiologically distinct race within a species, having dissimilar parameters.
Hence, answer is "Population".

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

A population is a group of

  1. Species in a community

  2. Communities in an ecosystem

  3. Individuals in a family

  4. Individuals in a species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A group of different organisms with related characters of a same area is called population.

So the correct option is 'individuals in a species'.

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

Population ecology is an important area because it (i) ecology to population genetics and (ii) identify (i) and (ii) in the above statement and select the correct option.
                                                       

  1. distinguishes evolution

  2. distinguishes biogenesis

  3. links evolution

  4. links biogenesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Population ecology is the sub field of ecology that deals with the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment. It is an important area because it links the ecology to population genetics and responsible for evolution. 

So, the correct option is 'Option C' .

Multiple choice population and how it changes human population ecology and environment zoology

A biological community can be best described by

  1. A group of individuals of the same species that live together in the same area at the same time

  2. All populations of different species that live and interact in the same area

  3. All populations of different species that live and interact in the same area and the abiotic environment

  4. The part of earth where life exists

  5. A group of organisms that share similar ecological niches in different areas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The population is individuals of same species that occupy a specific area. The ecosystem is an assemblage of different species of an area and abiotic factors of a geographical area and also takes account of the interaction between them. The part of the earth where life exists is referred to as biosphere. A group of organisms that share similar ecological niches in different areas constitute species. The community is a group of populations of different species living together in a habitat and interacting with each other. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice zoology our environment - our concern biomagnification the effects of human activities on ecosystems bioaccumulation and biomagnification

Biomagnification refers to

  1. Rapid growth due to excessive intake of nutrients

  2. Increase in population size

  3. Decrease in population size

  4. Increase in concentration of nondegradable pollutants as they pass through food chain.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biomagnification is the property of a toxin to accumulate in the food chain by solubilizing with the adipose tissues of the living organisms. It is seen that the level of nondegradable pollutants increases as the food chain progresses. It means, the primary consumers will have more nondegradable pollutants concentration than the producers, the secondary consumers will have more than primary consumers and so on. The highest concentrations will be seen in the top carnivore. This is because the consumers at the successive trophic level consume more than the previous level to fulfil the energy requirements. Due to this, nondegradable pollutants keeps on accumulating in the successive trophic levels in higher concentrations. This process is called the biomagnification.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Increase in concentration of nondegradable pollutants as they pass through food chain.'

Multiple choice zoology diversity of life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Rate of replacement of species along a gradient of habitats/communities is called 

  1. $\alpha$ - diversity
  2. $\beta$ - diversity
  3. $\gamma$ - diversity
  4. $\omega$ - diversity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The local species pool is known as alpha diversity. It is also the diversity present within the community. Beta diversity is the diversity present between the communities. The diversity present in the ranges of communities is known as Gamma diversity.

So, the correct answer is 'β - diversity'.

Multiple choice zoology diversity of life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

The term biodiversity is related to 

  1. All living plants

  2. All living animals

  3. All living plants and animals

  4. Living plants, animals and microbes found in their natural habitats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Biodiversity is the term popularised by the sociobiologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organization. It is related to all living plants, animals, and microbes found in their natural habitats. There are more than 20,000 species of ants, 3,00,000 species of beetles, 28,000 species of fishes and nearly 20,000 species of orchids. The biodiversity is measured at three levels; genetic diversity, species diversity and ecological diversity.
So, the correct answer is 'Living plants, animals and microbes found in their natural habitats'.
Multiple choice evs animal- the base of our life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

The biodiversity is positively associated with

  1. <p>Diversity of ecosystems</p>

  2. <p>Genetic variation within species</p>

  3. <p>Species diversity within communities</p>

  4. B and C only

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Biodiversity represents the sum of the total of various life forms such as unicellular fungi, bacteria, protozoa and multicellular organisms such as plants, fishes and mammals at various biological levels including gene, habitats and ecosystem. Thus, the correct option is E.

Multiple choice evs animal- the base of our life diversity in the living world environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Species biodiversity is a combination of which two factors? 

  1. The number of different species and the number of ecosystems in which they are found

  2. The number of different species and the number of each of those different species in an area

  3. The number of different genes in an organism and the number of ecosystems in which a species is found

  4. The number of different species and the number of times a particular gene is found in the species

  5. The number of different genes in an organism and the number of each species found in an ecosystem.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region. Measures of species diversity are the number of species in particular area. Greater the species richness, greater is the species diversity. The number of niches, trophic levels and various ecological process that sustain energy flow, food webs and recycling of nutrients is ecological diversity. Thus, the correct answer is A.