Disease Vectors and Pathogens

Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tsetse fly (Glossina).

Sleeping sickness is transmitted by the tsetse fly, which belongs to the genus Glossina (e.g., Glossina palpalis).

Trypanosoma gambiense is the causative agent of West African sleeping sickness.

Chloroquine is a well-known antimalarial medication used to prevent and treat malaria.

Culex mosquito transmit filariasis.

Malaria is a disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are protozoa. AIDS is viral, ringworm is fungal, and typhoid is bacterial.

Ringworm is a common fungal infection of the skin. AIDS is viral, malaria is caused by a protozoan, and typhoid is a bacterial infection.

Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by microscopic, thread-like worms, which are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes.

This is the correct option, as malaria is caused by a protozoa called Plasmodium.

This is the correct option. Polio, which is a serious disease that affects the nerves of the spine and often makes a person permanently unable to move, is not spread by a housefly.

It is a serious concern that malaria can go on to spread far and wide because when an Anopheles is contaminated with malaria, it stays within it for life and this infects all those that it bites. It is found that the malaria infected Anopheles mosquito has more appetite than an uninfected mosquito. This makes the potential spread of malaria. Other than spreading malaria, Anopheles mosquitoes are also vectors of Filariasis which is a disease caused by nematodes in the blood or tissues of the body causing blockage of lymphatic vessels. 

Leeches are 'worms' with suckers on each end. Leeches can range in size from one centimeter to over 25 centimeters long. They are brown or black in colour. Some feed on decaying plant material. Others are parasites, feeding on blood and tissue of other animals. Blood-sucking leeches suck your blood in two ways: they use a proboscis to puncture your skin, or they use their three mouths and millions of little teeth. 

Malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. Male mosquitoes feed on plant nectar and do not bite humans.

Candida norvegensis is a very rare clinical isolate that has been reported as a causative agent of peritonitis, and disseminated candidiasis in a patient on CAPD.

Names of diseases caused by protozoa include malaria, diarrhea, dysentery and colitis.