Disease Causative Agents

This option is correct because all are viral diseases. Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted to humans by infected mosquitoes. Rabies is a viral disease that is spread most often from the bite of a rabid animal to another animal or to a human. Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious and infectious disease caused by poliovirus. Common cold is a mild viral infection of the nose, throat, sinuses and upper airways.

This option is correct because all are bacterial diseases. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anthrax is an infection that is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. Tetanus or lockjaw is a serious infection caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Cholera is an acute epidemic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

This option is correct because asthma, scurvy and diabetes are non-communicable diseases.

This option is correct because smallpox is a highly contagious disease. People get infected with smallpox virus by inhaling droplets of saliva, which are full of virus, during face-to-face contact with the infected person. Diphtheria is spread (transmitted) from person to person, usually through respiratory droplets, from coughing or sneezing. Influenza viruses are spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk.

Acute diarrhea, malaria, and schistosomiasis are major water-related communicable diseases in developing countries. Acute diarrhea results from contaminated water. Schistosomiasis is transmitted through freshwater snails. Malaria, while mosquito-borne, is often linked to water-related breeding sites. The other options include non-communicable or incorrectly paired diseases.

Meningitis is the inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. It primarily affects the central nervous system, with the brain being the main organ impacted.

Botulism is a severe form of food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. The toxin produced by these bacteria can cause paralysis by blocking nerve function. This matches the description of severe food poisoning leading to paralysis. Tuberculosis, encephalitis, and hepatitis don't typically result from eating stale food or present with this specific progression to paralysis.

Influenza, mumps, and polio are all diseases caused by viruses affecting humans. Smallpox is also viral, but dysentery and malaria in option A are not. Dengue and typhoid in option C are not viral (dengue is viral but typhoid is bacterial). Tuberculosis, rabies, and AIDS in option D include bacterial (TB) and viral (AIDS, rabies) - mixed. Option B is the only set containing exclusively viral diseases.

Gastro-enteritis spreads through contaminated water and food, which becomes more common during rainy seasons when sanitation is poor and personal hygiene practices are compromised. The disease is caused by various pathogens including viruses, bacteria, and parasites that thrive in these conditions.

Rabies is caused by the rabies virus (a rhabdovirus) and influenza is caused by the influenza virus (an orthomyxovirus). Both diseases are viral in origin, unlike bacteria, fungi, or protozoa. Understanding pathogen types is crucial for determining appropriate treatments and prevention strategies.

Measles is a communicable disease.

Salmonella and escherichia coli, cause gastro enteritis. 

Influenza is a viral disease. 

Dysentery is caused by a protozoa - Giardia. It is not a viral disease.

Cholera is a water-borne disease.