Disease Causative Agents

Influenza, mumps and dengue fever are caused by viruses.

AIDS and Syphilis are transmitted by sexual contact from one partner to the other.

This is the correct option.

Heart attack is a cardiovascular condition, not an infectious disease. Malaria, Dengue, and Chikungunya are vector-borne diseases covered under the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). The government runs special disease control programmes only for infectious and communicable diseases, not for lifestyle or chronic conditions like heart attacks.

Polio (poliomyelitis) is caused by the poliovirus, which is a virus that attacks the nervous system. Tuberculosis (T.B.) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Typhoid is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. Diphtheria is caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Only polio among these options is a viral disease.

The correct preposition phrase is “derived from”. Incorrect preposition “by” is used in A and B. C option alters the original meaning of the sentence and awkward phrasing is done in the D option. Hence, E option is the best, as the correct preposition phrase and phrasing is done.

This is the correct option. Ringworm is not a bacterial disease of the cattle. It is a fungal disease.

Malaria is transmitted by mosquito (female anopheles).

In this infectious disease, a specific neurotropic virus causes muscular paralysis by the destruction of the anterior horn cell or the corresponding cell of the spinal cord and medulla respectively. This disease will spread from person to person primarily via. the fecal oral route.

Rabies is a preventable viral disease of mammals and most often transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system, and ultimately causing disease in the brain and can lead to death.

It is a type of communicable or infectious disease caused by some germs. These germs somehow must reach a new healthy person before he can suffer from the disease. The cause of the disease is called pathogen and its transmission from one person to another is called infection. Other common infectious diseases are cholera, malaria, etc.

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that causes a large amount of watery diarrhea.

Tetanus is an infection of the nervous system with the potentially deadly bacteria Clostridium tetani.

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites.

Airborne droplet nuclei develop when the fluid of pathogenic droplets (1 to 5 m in size) evaporates. They are so small and light, and they may remain suspended in the air for several hours. Thus, they may also infect persons entering a room which has been left by a patient long ago.