Computer Networks

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, which is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. It operates at the application layer of the Internet protocol suite.

Voice over IP (VoIP) is a technology that allows voice communication and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks by converting voice signals into digital data packets. Visual Basic is a programming language, a virus is malicious software, and a viewer is an application for displaying files.

A packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched computer network. A patch is a software update, a peer-to-peer network is a decentralized communication model, and a patent is a legal protection for inventions.

IP stands for Internet Protocol, which is the principal communications protocol in the Internet protocol suite for routing and addressing packets of data across network boundaries.

SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer, a standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a server and a client. It has largely been succeeded by TLS (Transport Layer Security), but the term SSL is still widely used.

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, which is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the internet.

Port 80 is the default network port used for unencrypted HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) web traffic. This allows web browsers to request and receive web pages from servers over the internet.

NIC stands for Network Interface Card, which is a hardware component (either an expansion card or integrated into the motherboard) that allows a computer to connect to a network.

TCP, IP, and HTTP are all standard, widely used communication protocols in networking. OP is not a standard networking protocol.

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) and WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) are security protocols designed to secure wireless networks by encrypting data transmitted over the air. They ensure that unauthorized users cannot easily intercept and read wireless network traffic.

tracert is the Windows command that displays the route (path) packets take to a destination by showing each hop along the way. traceroute is the Unix/Linux equivalent. ping only tests if a host is reachable without showing the route.

A dynamic IP address is temporarily assigned to a device from a pool of available addresses each time it connects to the network. In contrast, a static IP address remains constant and does not change between sessions.

Data transmitted over computer networks is broken down into small blocks called packets. These packets travel independently across the network and are reassembled into the original data once they reach their destination.

The Network Layer (Layer 3 of the OSI model) is responsible for logical addressing and determining the best path for data to travel across interconnected networks, which is known as routing.

The Network Layer uses logical addresses, specifically IP addresses, to identify devices and route data packets across different networks.