Computer Fundamentals and System Concepts

Spyware is a type of malicious software specifically designed to secretly monitor, gather, and transmit a user's private data or online browsing activities without authorization. While general malware can have other intents, spyware is defined by this surveillance behavior.

Malware is malicious software designed to gain unauthorized access or cause harm to systems. Options A, B, and C describe benign or legitimate software types - games, monitoring tools, and patches - not malicious programs.

The syslogd system utility daemon is responsible for logging system messages, warnings, errors, and informational logs from various programs and the kernel to designated log files.

PowerCenter Advance Edition requires significant resources for complete installation. 4 CPUs provide adequate processing capacity for all components. 4 GB RAM supports the full installation including repository service, integration service, and other components.

Monitoring is the service that ensures continuous health of the system by tracking performance metrics, detecting issues, and providing real-time visibility into system status. Backup creates copies, Failover switches to standby systems, and Restore recovers data, but only Monitoring provides the ongoing health checks needed for continuous system health assurance.

Installing antivirus software doesn't automatically clean existing viruses. Signature files must be regularly updated to detect new threats, and scans must be run to remove malware. Option B is incorrect because without updates, the antivirus can't detect new viruses.

New malware threats are discovered daily, so antivirus definitions must be updated frequently to maintain protection. Daily updates are the recommended minimum to defend against newly created viruses and variants.

An antivirus signature is a unique pattern or algorithm that identifies specific malware. Unlike the scan engine (which performs the matching), the signature is the identifier itself.

Object Spy is a QTP tool feature located in the Tools menu that allows you to view the properties and methods of any object in the application. It's used to inspect objects to understand their identification properties for building effective test scripts. The Tools menu contains utilities and configuration options.

The Sun Oracle Database Machine (Exadata) uses Intel Xeon processors. This is the standard processor platform for Exadata systems, providing the x86 architecture needed for Oracle Database and related software.

ENIAC, completed in 1945 at the University of Pennsylvania, was one of the first electronic general-purpose computers. It was enormous, weighing 30 tons and consuming 150 kW of power, and was used for calculations like ballistic trajectories and weather forecasting.

RISC stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computer, a CPU design philosophy that favors a simpler set of instructions that can be executed faster (typically one cycle per instruction), as opposed to CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) which uses more complex, multi-cycle instructions.

GPU stands for Graphics Processing Unit. It's a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device, now also widely used for parallel computing.

In networking, MAC stands for Media Access Control. It's the lower sublayer of the data link layer in the OSI model and is responsible for controlling how devices in a network gain access to the medium and transmit data, with MAC addresses uniquely identifying network interfaces.