Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,880 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of decision-making bias?

  1. Confirmation bias

  2. Framing bias

  3. Anchoring bias

  4. Availability bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Confirmation bias is not a type of decision-making bias, but rather a cognitive bias that leads people to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to rely on emotional cues rather than objective information when making decisions?

  1. Cognitive Dissonance

  2. Confirmation Bias

  3. Affect Heuristic

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Affect Heuristic refers to the inclination to use emotions as a shortcut in decision-making, often leading to reliance on feelings rather than logical reasoning.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived value of outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prospect Theory proposes that individuals evaluate outcomes relative to a reference point, and emotions can influence the perceived value of these outcomes, thereby shaping decision-making.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make riskier decisions when faced with potential gains compared to potential losses?

  1. Risk Aversion

  2. Risk Seeking

  3. Framing Effect

  4. Loss Aversion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Risk Seeking refers to the inclination to make riskier choices when presented with the possibility of gains, even if the potential losses are significant.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived likelihood of outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Framing Effect proposes that the way information is presented (e.g., as gains or losses) can influence the perceived likelihood of outcomes and, consequently, decision-making.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make more conservative decisions when faced with potential losses compared to potential gains?

  1. Risk Aversion

  2. Risk Seeking

  3. Framing Effect

  4. Loss Aversion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Risk Aversion refers to the inclination to make more cautious choices when faced with the possibility of losses, even if the potential gains are substantial.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived desirability of outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Affect Heuristic suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived desirability of outcomes, leading individuals to choose options that elicit positive emotions.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions based on immediate emotional reactions rather than considering long-term consequences?

  1. Hot Cognition

  2. Cold Cognition

  3. Emotional Reasoning

  4. Cognitive Dissonance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hot Cognition refers to the inclination to make decisions based on immediate emotional reactions, often without considering the long-term implications of those choices.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived controllability of outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Somatic Marker Hypothesis proposes that emotions, particularly bodily sensations, can influence decision-making by altering the perceived controllability of outcomes.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions based on logical reasoning and analysis rather than emotional reactions?

  1. Hot Cognition

  2. Cold Cognition

  3. Emotional Reasoning

  4. Cognitive Dissonance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cold Cognition refers to the inclination to make decisions based on logical reasoning and analysis, often without being influenced by immediate emotional reactions.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions based on emotional reasoning, often ignoring logical evidence?

  1. Hot Cognition

  2. Cold Cognition

  3. Emotional Reasoning

  4. Cognitive Dissonance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Emotional Reasoning refers to the inclination to make decisions based on emotional reactions, often ignoring logical evidence and objective information.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived fairness of outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prospect Theory proposes that individuals evaluate outcomes relative to a reference point, and emotions can influence the perceived fairness of these outcomes, thereby shaping decision-making.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to make decisions that reduce psychological discomfort, even if they are not necessarily the most advantageous?

  1. Hot Cognition

  2. Cold Cognition

  3. Emotional Reasoning

  4. Cognitive Dissonance
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cognitive Dissonance refers to the tendency to make decisions that reduce psychological discomfort caused by conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors.

Multiple choice

Which theory suggests that emotions can influence decision-making by altering the perceived regret associated with outcomes?

  1. Prospect Theory

  2. Affect Heuristic

  3. Somatic Marker Hypothesis

  4. Framing Effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Prospect Theory proposes that individuals evaluate outcomes relative to a reference point, and emotions can influence the perceived regret associated with these outcomes, thereby shaping decision-making.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where consumers make purchasing decisions based on the perceived social value or status associated with a product or brand?

  1. Brand loyalty

  2. Conspicuous consumption

  3. Impulse buying

  4. Sustainable shopping
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Conspicuous consumption refers to the tendency of consumers to purchase products or services in order to display their wealth, status, or social standing, often influenced by social media trends and the desire to project a certain image.