Social Science

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making

1,902 Questions

Explore a curated set of questions on cognitive biases, decision making, and behavioral economics. These concepts evaluate how social norms, emotions, and heuristics influence human judgment and group behavior. Master these topics to build a strong foundation for psychology and social science exams.

Behavioral economicsSocial group influencesEmotional decision makingConfirmation bias

Cognitive Biases and Decision Making Questions

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of negative events occurring?

  1. Optimism Bias

  2. Pessimism Bias

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Illusion of Control

  5. Hindsight Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pessimism Bias is the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of negative events occurring.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the belief that older people are less capable than younger people?

  1. Ageism

  2. Elder abuse

  3. Senilism

  4. Geriatrics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ageism is a form of discrimination or prejudice against individuals based on their age, typically against older people.

Multiple choice

People with a preference for Thinking are more likely to:

  1. Make decisions based on logic and reason

  2. Make decisions based on emotions and feelings

  3. Be objective and impartial

  4. Be subjective and personal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

People with a preference for Thinking are more likely to make decisions based on logic and reason, while people with a preference for Feeling are more likely to make decisions based on emotions and feelings.

Multiple choice

What is the concept of 'framing effects' in neuroeconomics?

  1. The tendency for individuals to make different decisions depending on how choices are presented

  2. The impact of emotions on economic decision-making

  3. The role of social norms in shaping economic preferences

  4. The influence of cultural factors on economic behavior
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Framing effects refer to the phenomenon where individuals make different decisions depending on how the options are presented, even if the underlying outcomes are objectively the same. Neuroeconomic research has explored the neural mechanisms underlying framing effects, shedding light on how the brain processes and evaluates choices.

Multiple choice

What is the concept of 'anchoring bias' in neuroeconomics?

  1. The tendency for individuals to rely too heavily on initial information when making decisions

  2. The impact of framing effects on economic decision-making

  3. The role of emotions in shaping economic preferences

  4. The influence of social norms on economic behavior
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Anchoring bias refers to the phenomenon where individuals rely too heavily on initial information when making decisions. Neuroeconomic research has explored the neural mechanisms underlying anchoring bias, shedding light on how the brain processes and evaluates initial information.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where subjective experiences seem to be influenced by cultural, social, and linguistic factors?

  1. Cultural Relativism

  2. Social Construction of Reality

  3. Linguistic Determinism

  4. Cognitive Bias
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cultural Relativism refers to the idea that subjective experiences and understandings are shaped by cultural and social contexts.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to prefer potential mates who are similar to themselves in terms of physical appearance, personality traits, and social status?

  1. Assortative mating

  2. Sexual selection

  3. Kin selection

  4. Reciprocal altruism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Assortative mating is the tendency for individuals to choose mates who are similar to themselves in terms of various characteristics. It is thought to be an evolutionary strategy that increases the likelihood of producing offspring with desirable traits.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in behaviors that benefit others, even at a cost to themselves, without any expectation of future benefits?

  1. Altruism

  2. Reciprocal altruism

  3. Kin selection

  4. Assortative mating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Altruism is a form of behavior in which individuals act to benefit others, even at a cost to themselves, without any expectation of future benefits. It is thought to be an evolutionary strategy that promotes cooperation and social cohesion.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to behave in ways that benefit their own genetic relatives, even at a cost to themselves?

  1. Kin selection

  2. Reciprocal altruism

  3. Altruism

  4. Cooperation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kin selection is a form of behavior in which individuals act to benefit their own genetic relatives, even at a cost to themselves. It is thought to be an evolutionary strategy that promotes the survival and reproduction of one's own genes.

Multiple choice

What is the term for the tendency for individuals to engage in behaviors that benefit others, even at a cost to themselves, without any expectation of future benefits?

  1. Altruism

  2. Reciprocal altruism

  3. Kin selection

  4. Cooperation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Altruism is a form of behavior in which individuals act to benefit others, even at a cost to themselves, without any expectation of future benefits. It is thought to be an evolutionary strategy that promotes cooperation and social cohesion.

Multiple choice

What is the term used to describe the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being larger or more numerous when it is presented in isolation compared to when it is presented in a group?

  1. Contrast effect

  2. Isolation effect

  3. Zero effect

  4. Magnitude effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The isolation effect is the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being larger or more numerous when it is presented in isolation compared to when it is presented in a group.

Multiple choice

In the context of perception, what is the term used to describe the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more similar to other stimuli that are presented in close proximity to it?

  1. Assimilation effect

  2. Contrast effect

  3. Zero effect

  4. Proximity effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The proximity effect is the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more similar to other stimuli that are presented in close proximity to it.

Multiple choice

In the context of human behavior, what is the term used to describe the tendency to prefer a certain option simply because it is presented as the default choice?

  1. Default effect

  2. Zero effect

  3. Anchoring effect

  4. Framing effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The default effect is the tendency to prefer a certain option simply because it is presented as the default choice.

Multiple choice

In the context of cognition, what is the term used to describe the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more salient or important when it is presented in a context that is different from its usual context?

  1. Context effect

  2. Zero effect

  3. Salience effect

  4. Contrast effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The context effect is the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more salient or important when it is presented in a context that is different from its usual context.

Multiple choice

In the context of perception, what is the term used to describe the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more intense or extreme when it is presented in a context that is different from its usual context?

  1. Contrast effect

  2. Zero effect

  3. Context effect

  4. Salience effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The contrast effect is the tendency to perceive a stimulus as being more intense or extreme when it is presented in a context that is different from its usual context.