Cloze Test

Find the appropriate word from the given options and fill blank (vi).

Directions: The following passage has some blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. 

The traditional method of managing credit risk is ____(i)____ diversification. Although ____(ii)____ credit risk through diversification is effective, institutions are often constrained by _____(iii)____ of diversification ____(iv)_____ on account of limited area of _____(v)_____. During the last few years, managing credit risk through selling assets by way of securitisation has _____(vi)_____ in popularity. The market for securitised assets has grown _____(vii)_____ in the last few years and is expected to grow further in the _____(viii)_____ years. This mode of credit risk mitigation is most _____(ix)_____ to loans with standardised payment schedules and similar credit risk characteristics such as housing loans, auto loans, credit card receivables, etc. Further, shedding loans through securitisation might _____(x)____ client relationship. In this context, credit derivatives provide a new technique for managing credit risk.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the premise that viruses have evolved from bacteria?

Directions: Answer the given question based on the following passage:

One of the theories that have been under the serious consideration of the scientists and immunologists is that viruses have evolved from bacteria. Although viruses do not exist in fossilized form, and all our knowledge about the life form comes only from what we have come to know of them in the twentieth century, the view is not without merit. The bacteria origin theory, which states that the viruses evolved from bacteria that did not need to survive outside the host cell, and hence lost much of the genetic material needed for the same,  fills in some of the unexplained blanks in human knowledge.  Another theory states that viruses may have evolved from the ‘escaped bits and pieces of’ the DNA and the RNA of larger organisms.
Once a virus attaches itself to a specific molecule on the surface of the host cell, it penetrates the host cell by fusing with it or by another technique called endocytosis. Since a virus needs specific molecules to attach itself to, it means that its host selection is very specific. Once inside the host cell, the virus loses its capsid, or the outer shell, either by self generated enzymes or by enzymes secreted by the host and exposes its core viral nucleic acid. Since living cells produce all the necessary proteins from the various amino acids that are a part of the food supply, viruses take the host cell hostage and force it to synthesize proteins that the host cell does not need. Once synthesized, these new proteins come together later to form new virus cells. Once an army of invasive viruses is ready, enzymes produced by them usually burst the cell wall of the host cell, and the viruses release themselves into the body of the organism. Usually, the host cell death in cases of infections takes place by a process called apoptosis or cell suicide in which the phagocytic bodies produced by the immune system of the host organism are able to engulf the fragments of the host cell before the damage spreads to surrounding cells. However, some cells seemingly remain healthy and carry latent viruses and show few or no signs of infection for months or even years.

Fill blank (iv).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (v).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (x).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (ii).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (vi).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (viii).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (ix).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (vii).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (i).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Fill blank (iii).

Directions: Study the following passage with some numbered blanks and answer the question that follows.

The Earth constricts. We imagine ourselves to be ____(i)____ in solitary confinement, ___(ii)____ crude coded messages on the ___(iii)____ wall and hoping for an answering tap - without which we stare at the ___(iv)____ possibility that we are truly, absolutely ___(v)____. Such an abyss may be infinitely more ___(vi)____ than the assumption of human inferiority, or may argue, conversely, for the divine ____(vii)____ and therefore preciousness of the human enterprise. The ____(viii)____ with extraterrestrial phenomena may reflect an ___(ix)____ of secrets and ___(x)___ of Earth and of earthy behaviour.

Find out the appropriate words and fill blank (x).

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered.

Regulatory commissions must be __(i)__ but also be accountable to some authority. The packing of regulatory commissions with retired or retiring government employees has skewed membership to __(ii)__ men with administrative experience but __(iii)__ management skills. Nor __(iv)__ there a managerial mindset in state electricity enterprises. Governments have done nothing to correct this.
The electricity system in India is today a heavy __(v)__ on society, on state government finances and an __(vi)__ to growth and social justice. __(vii)__ of perennial debates and reversals, the government must keep reiterating policies and aggressively __(viii)__ them. Electricity Regulatory Commissions (ERCs) along with central and state governments must __(ix)__ support and implement the Act, effectively monitor the policies, __(x)__ stronger incentives and penalties to make State Electricity Boards (SEBs) more enterprising and professional.

Find out the appropriate words and fill blank (viii).

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered.

Regulatory commissions must be __(i)__ but also be accountable to some authority. The packing of regulatory commissions with retired or retiring government employees has skewed membership to __(ii)__ men with administrative experience but __(iii)__ management skills. Nor __(iv)__ there a managerial mindset in state electricity enterprises. Governments have done nothing to correct this.
The electricity system in India is today a heavy __(v)__ on society, on state government finances and an __(vi)__ to growth and social justice. __(vii)__ of perennial debates and reversals, the government must keep reiterating policies and aggressively __(viii)__ them. Electricity Regulatory Commissions (ERCs) along with central and state governments must __(ix)__ support and implement the Act, effectively monitor the policies, __(x)__ stronger incentives and penalties to make State Electricity Boards (SEBs) more enterprising and professional.

Find out the appropriate words and fill blank (ix).

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered.

Regulatory commissions must be __(i)__ but also be accountable to some authority. The packing of regulatory commissions with retired or retiring government employees has skewed membership to __(ii)__ men with administrative experience but __(iii)__ management skills. Nor __(iv)__ there a managerial mindset in state electricity enterprises. Governments have done nothing to correct this.
The electricity system in India is today a heavy __(v)__ on society, on state government finances and an __(vi)__ to growth and social justice. __(vii)__ of perennial debates and reversals, the government must keep reiterating policies and aggressively __(viii)__ them. Electricity Regulatory Commissions (ERCs) along with central and state governments must __(ix)__ support and implement the Act, effectively monitor the policies, __(x)__ stronger incentives and penalties to make State Electricity Boards (SEBs) more enterprising and professional.