Climate Change Impacts

 Green house effect raises the temperature on Earth leading to global warming.

Rajendra Chauhan is credited as the author of 'Global Warming: An international issue'. This work addresses climate change as a global environmental challenge requiring international cooperation. The question tests knowledge of contemporary environmental literature and Indian authors.

Soil nature (texture, composition) does not directly affect air temperature. Pollution can affect temperature through the greenhouse effect and urban heat islands. Trees affect temperature through shade and evapotranspiration. Population density creates urban heat islands. Soil is not a climatic factor.

Earth's shape (being an oblate spheroid) is not a factor that affects climate. Climate is influenced by distance from the sun (solar radiation), Earth's tilt (causes seasons), and distance from the equator (latitude affecting solar angle and temperature distribution). The spherical shape itself doesn't vary between regions.

Climate refers to the average weather conditions (temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind) observed over a long period, typically 30+ years. Unlike weather (short-term atmospheric state), climate represents long-term patterns and trends.

Greenhouse effect causes increase in global temperature.

The technical term given to the increase in average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere is Global warming.

This is the correct answer as due to the curvature of the earth, the amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude. As a result, air temperature generally decreases from the equator towards the poles.

We are talking about temperature increase not of climate change.

The overall rise in CO₂ leads to global warming, which leads to increase in temperature, melting of snow caps, etc.

Polar ice caps are expected to be very severely affected by global warming. The immediate effect of it could be coastal and island flooding. The main consequence of global warming is the loss of coastal wetlands and barrier islands, and a greater risk of flooding in coastal communities. Low-lying areas, such as the coastal region along the Gulf of Mexico and estuaries like the Chesapeake Bay, are especially vulnerable. 

Earth's shape (being spherical/oblate spheroid) does not significantly affect climate - it's relatively constant. The factors that DO affect climate include: distance from the sun (affects solar radiation received), Earth's tilt (23.5° - causes seasons), and distance from equator (latitude - determines temperature zones). Earth's shape itself is not a variable climate factor.

The nature of soil refers to its composition and texture, which don't influence air temperature. Pollution affects temperature through urban heat islands, trees provide shade and cooling, and population density correlates with heat generation. Soil composition is primarily relevant for plant growth, not thermal conditions.

Climate is defined as the weather pattern averaged over a long period (typically 30+ years), not momentary conditions. Weather refers to short-term atmospheric state at a specific time and place. Climate represents the enduring, predictable patterns that characterize a region's environmental conditions.

The Earth's SHAPE does not affect climate - the Earth is roughly spherical and this shape itself doesn't determine climate patterns. What DOES affect climate includes: distance from the sun (affects solar energy received), Earth's tilt (23.5° - causes seasons), distance from equator (latitude - determines climate zones). Other factors include ocean currents, altitude, and wind patterns. The spherical shape itself is not a climate-determining factor.