Chemistry

Chemistry of Gases and Applications

1,175 Questions

The chemistry of gases covers atmospheric composition, noble gases, and various applications of gas compounds in industrial and biological processes. Understanding the properties of common gases, their reactions, and environmental occurrences is vital for general science sections. Use these questions to practice identifying gases and their specific uses.

Atmospheric gasesNoble gasesGas applicationsChemical compounds

Chemistry of Gases and Applications Questions

Multiple choice biology selection and evolution theory of natural selection natural selection evidence for evolution

The gases used in the spark-discharged apparatus were

  1. O$ _2$, CO$ _2$ and NH$ _3$
  2. NH$ _3$, CH$ _4$ and O$ _2$
  3. H$ _2$, CH$ _4$ and NH$ _3$
  4. CO$ _2$, NH$ _3$ and CH$ _4$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The Miller-Urey experiment was an experiment that simulated hypothetical conditions present on the early Earth in order to test what kind of environment would be needed to allow life to begin. The experiment is considered to be the classic experiment on the origin of life. 
  • It was conducted in 1953 by Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey at the University of Chicago. The experiment used water (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) - materials which were believed to represent the major components of the early Earth's atmosphere. The chemicals were all sealed and circulated inside a sterile array of glass tubes and flasks connected together in a loop, with one flask half-full of liquid water and another flask containing a pair of electrodes. 
  • The liquid water was heated to add water vapor to the chemical mixture and the resulting gases were circulated around the apparatus, simulating the Earth's atmosphere. The flask with heated water represents water on the Earth's surface and the recycled water vapor is just as water evaporates from lakes and seas, before going into the atmosphere and forming into the rain. Sparks were fired between the electrodes to simulate lightning storms (believed to be common on the early earth) through the water vapors, and then the vapors were cooled again so that the water could condense (simulating the oceans) and trickle back into the first water flask in a continuous cycle. 
  • At the end of one week of continuous operation, Miller and Urey observed, by analyzing the cooled water, that as much as 10-15% of the carbon within the system was now in the form of organic compounds. Two percent of the carbon had formed amino acids, including 13 of the 22 that are used to make proteins in living cells, with glycine as the most abundant. 

Thus, option C is correct and other options are wrong.

Multiple choice biology selection and evolution theory of natural selection natural selection evidence for evolution

The ratio of $CH _4, NH _3$ and $H _2$ used by Miller in his spark discharge apparatus was 

  1. 2 : 1 : 2

  2. 1 : 1 : 2

  3. 1 : 2 : 2

  4. 2 : 1 : 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A- The Miller-Urey experiment or Miller experiment was an experiment that instigated the condition which were thought to be present in early earth or primitive earth. Hecreated electric discharge in a closed flask containing a mixture of ammonia(NH3), methane(CH4), hydrogen(H2) and water vapour(H2O) at 800 degree celcius and observed formation of amino acids The ratio of CH4,NH3 and H2 was 2:1:2.

Multiple choice biology selection and evolution theory of natural selection natural selection evidence for evolution

Which one of these is likely to have been absent in free form at the time of origin of life? 

  1. Oxygen

  2. Hydrogen

  3. Ammonia

  4. Methane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The primitive atmosphere of earth was reducing atmosphere with no oxygen but was rich in water vapour, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen. Owing to immense long lasting rainstorms, a tremendous amount of lightening was generated. Lightening provided energy for chemical reactions between hydrogen and nitrogen and carbon to form ammonia and methane. So, the correct answer is option A.  

Multiple choice biology properties of natural resources the concept of bernoulli's principle variations in atmospheric pressure air exerts pressure

Which of the following is not true about air?

  1. air can be separated into components

  2. it can be liquefied
  3. liquid nitrogen has a b.p of $-196^\circ C$

  4. air has a chemical formula
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The statement which is not true about air is that it has a chemical formula. Air has no chemical formula. It is a mixture of gases.

Multiple choice chemistry environmental chemistry biochemistry and the environment green chemistry strategies to control environmental pollution and green chemistry

Switching from air to pure oxygen eliminates the NO production. This is an application of:

  1. Green chemistry

  2. waste management

  3. Green revolution

  4. none of above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Switching from air to pure oxygen eliminates NO production and also saves fuels by more efficient burning, thus, having less wastage. Hence, this is an application of Green chemistry.

Multiple choice chemistry environmental chemistry biochemistry and the environment green chemistry strategies to control environmental pollution and green chemistry

Chlorofluorocarbons have been in use in refrigerators and air conditioners are proved to be unfriendly to the environment. Substitutes to these compounds which are friendly to the environment are:

  1. $CCl _2$
  2. $C{Cl} _3F$
  3. $CClF _2CClF _2$
  4. $CF _3CH _2F$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The first three compounds are chlorofluoro carbons which are harmful to ozone and unfriendly to the environment. These are used in refrigerators. so a compound called $CF _3CH _2F$ was discovered, which is friendly to the environment and used in refrigerators.

Multiple choice chemistry air and atmosphere natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen

Which of the following elements would give water on burning?

  1. Hydrogen

  2. Oxygen

  3. Carbon

  4. Nitrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In a flame of pure hydrogen gas, burning in air, the hydrogen (H$ _2$) reacts with oxygen (O$ _2$) to form water (H$ _2$O) and releases energy. If carried out in atmospheric air instead of pure oxygen, as is usually the case, hydrogen combustion may yield small amounts of nitrogen oxides, along with the water vapour.


Hence, the correct option is $\text{A}$

Multiple choice chemistry water and air and their importance natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen

Gas used as a refrigerant is:

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Oxygen

  3. Hydrogen

  4. Water gas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

NITROGEN is used as a refrigerant. Nitrogen is a liquid at temperatures below 196.5 C and is used as a refrigerant for such things as preservation of blood and cooling of large computer systems, as well as some industrial uses. Being a liquid, it is more convenient to use for low temperature cooling than dry ice. Liquid nitrogen is also used in oil wells to build up pressure in order to force crude oil upward.

Multiple choice chemistry water and air and their importance natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen
Nitrogen is used in high-temperature thermometer :

  1. To prevent vaporization of mercury.

  2. To improve conductivity of mercury.

  3. To maintain mercury to remain in its state.

  4. To increase the specific heat capacity of mercury.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C Correct answer
Explanation
The principle used to measure temperature is that of the apparent thermal expansion of the liquid. An inert gas is used for mercury intended to high temperature. The thermometer is filled with an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen above the mercury to reduce its volatilization.

Hence, both options (A) and (C) are correct.
Multiple choice chemistry water and air and their importance natural cycles and resources constituents of air component of air - nitrogen

The potato chips manufacturers uses _____ gas to flush the chips bags to prevent the chips getting oxidised.

  1. Oxygen

  2. Carbon dioxide

  3. Chlorine

  4. Nitrogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen because the food containing fats and oil become rancid after sometime because of oxidation and give smell having a bad taste. Presence of nitrogen helps food to save from rancidity.