Common Chemical Compounds and Reactions

Silver bromide is light-sensitive and is the primary active ingredient in traditional photographic film.

Ca(OCl)Cl is the chemical formula of bleaching powder.

A mixture of cement, sand and water is called mortar.

Soaps form scum with hard water.

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a chemical compound. Charcoal is primarily carbon (an element), while vinegar and syrup are mixtures.

ANS 4.

Alum (aluminum sulfate) is commonly used in water treatment as a coagulant to remove impurities. It causes suspended particles to clump together for easier removal through sedimentation and filtration. The correct spelling is 'aluminum' not 'alluminium'.

Cultured pearls are the response of the shell to a tissue implant. A tiny piece of mantle tissue from a donor shell is transplanted into a recipient shell.

Sodium bismuthate, also known as sodium bismuth oxide, is a slightly hygroscopic chemical compound with the chemical formula of NaBiO₃. Sodium bismuthate is an oxidizer. It is insoluble in cold water, but decomposes when placed in hot water. Sodium bismuthate is commercially used in manganese testing.

Sodium diuranate, Na₂U₂O₇·6H₂O, is a uranium salt also known as the yellow oxide of uranium. Along with ammonium diuranate, it was a component in early yellowcakes, the ratio of the two species determined by process conditions; yellowcake is now largely a mix of uranium oxides. It is commonly referred to by the initials SDU.

Sodium chlorate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (NaClO₃). When pure, it is a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. It is hygroscopic. Sodium chlorate is used as a non-selective herbicide. It is considered phytotoxic to all green plant parts. It can also kill through root absorption.

Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate is a series of organic compounds with the formula C₁₂H₂₅C₆H₄SO₃Na. It is a colourless salt with useful properties as a surfactant. It is usually produced as a mixture of related sulphonates. It is a major component of laundry detergent.

Sodium percarbonate is a chemical, an adduct of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide (a perhydrate), with formula Na₂CO₃ ·1.5H₂O₂. It is a colorless, crystalline, hygroscopic and water-soluble solid. It is used in some eco-friendly cleaning products and as a laboratory source of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide.

Zubbles is a commercial name for colored soap bubbles. Zubbles claim to fame is that they are the first colored soap bubbles that do not leave stains. Instead they fade away with exposure to air, pressure zand water.

The halogens are five non-metallic elements found in group 17 of the periodic table. The term halogen means salt-former and compounds containing halogens are called salts. All halogens have 7 electrons in their outer shells, giving them an oxidation number of -1. The halogens exist, at room temperature, in all three states of matter: