Chemistry

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

1,420 Questions

This section tests your knowledge of chemical bonding, molecular structure, and hybridization. It covers ionic and covalent bonds, octet rule exceptions, and molecular geometry. These chemistry questions are common in various competitive entrance examinations.

Ionic and covalent bondsHybridisation of elementsOctet rule exceptionsMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Questions

Multiple choice biology transport in plants transport of food, water and minerals theories of translocation transport in the phloem of plants

Which of the following is not involved in the phenomenon called ion exchange?

  1. $Negatively\quad charged\quad clay\quad particles$
  2. $pH$
  3. $Cations\quad like\quad K^+, Mg^{2+}, and\quad Ca^{2+}$
  4. $H _2S$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Ion exchange processes are reversible chemical reactions for removing dissolved ions from solution and replacing them with other similarly charged ions. Negatively charged clay particles are removed using cations like K$^{+}$, Mg$^{+}$ and Ca$^{+}$.
Ion-exchange chromatography separates biomolecules based on differences in their net charge at a particular pH. 
So, the correct option is 'H$ _2$S'
Multiple choice common laboratory equipments common laboratory apparatus and equipments laboratory equipments know about some common gases chemistry

Select the correct statement.

  1. Cation and anion are also called acidic or basic radicals, respectively

  2. Classification of anion is systematic as that of cation

  3. All the anions are deducted by soda extract solution without any exception

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option (D) is correct.
(A): Cation and anion are also called basic and acidic radicals, respectively.
(B): Classification of cation is systematic as that of anion.
(C): All the cations are deducted by soda extract solution without any exception.It is prepared to prevent the cation in interfering when we do the anion analysis.

Multiple choice conductivity and its types electrochemistry

Which of the following has least conductivity in aqueous solution?

  1. $CO(NH _3) _4Cl _3$
  2. $Co(NH _3) _3Cl _3$
  3. $Co(NH _3) _5Cl _3$
  4. $Co(NH _3) _6Cl _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Conductivity $\alpha $ no. of ions dissociated in solution.

$Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 4 }{ Cl } _{ 3 }\rightarrow { \left[ Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 4 }{ Cl } _{ 2 } \right]  }^{ + }+{ Cl }^{ \left( - \right)  }$
                                                    2 ions
$Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  }{ Cl } _{ 3 }\rightarrow \left[ Co\left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right) { \left( Cl \right)  } _{ 3 } \right] $
                                                          1 ion
$Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 5 }{ Cl } _{ 3 }\rightarrow { \left[ Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 5 }Cl \right]  }^{ 2+ }+2{ Cl }^{ \left( - \right)  }$
                                                          3 ions
$Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 6 }{ Cl } _{ 3 }\rightarrow { \left[ Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 6 } \right]  }^{ 3+ }+3{ Cl }^{ \left( - \right)  }$
                                                             4 ions
$\therefore  Co{ \left( { NH } _{ 3 } \right)  } _{ 6 }{ Cl } _{ 3 }$ has highest conductivity.

Multiple choice chemistry d and f block elements coloured complexes magnetic nature of transition metals general characteristics of first transition series

Which of the following group contains coloured ions?
1. $Cu^+$
2. $Ti^{4+} $
3. $Co^{2+}$
4.  $Fe^{2+}$

  1. $1,4$
  2. $3,4$
  3. $2,3$
  4. $1,2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$Cu^{+}$ and $Ti^{+4}$ have fully filled and empty d orbital respectively. Hence due to absence of unpaired electrons,they will be colourless. But $Fe^{+2}$ and $Co^{+2}$chave unpaired electrons. Hence they will be coloured.

Multiple choice chemistry d and f block elements coloured complexes magnetic nature of transition metals general characteristics of first transition series

What is/are true statement?

  1. Ions of $d$-block elements are colored due to $d-d$ transition
  2. Ions of $f$-block elements are colored due to $f-f$ transtition
  3. ${ \left[ Sc{ \left( { H } _{ 2 }O \right) } _{ 6 } \right] }^{ 3+ },{ \left[ Ti{ \left( { H } _{ 2 }O \right) } _{ 6 } \right] }^{ 4+ }$ are colored complexes.
  4. ${Cu}^{+}$ is colorless ion.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,D Correct answer
Explanation
$Cu^+$ is colourless because it doesn't contain any electrons which can absorb light. .

In ${ \left[ Sc{ \left( { H } _{ 2 }O \right)  } _{ 6 } \right]  }^{ 3+ }$, $ Sc^{3+}$  is $ d^0$ system and hence colorless.

Hence,option C is incorrect.
Multiple choice chemistry d and f block elements coloured complexes magnetic nature of transition metals general characteristics of first transition series

Which ion is colourless?

  1. $C{ r }^{ +4 }$
  2. $Sc^{ +3 }$
  3. $Ti^{ +3 }$
  4. ${ V }^{ +3 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$(A)$ $Cr\quad [Ar]3d^54s^1$

$Cr^{+4}\quad [Ar]3d^2$
$2$ unpaired $e^-s\longrightarrow$ paramagnetic.

$(B)$ $Sc\quad [Ar]3d^14s^2$
$Sc^{+3}\quad [Ar]3d^2$
$0$ unpaired $e^-s\longrightarrow$ dimagnetic.

$(C)$ $Ti\quad [Ar]3d^24s^2$
$Ti^{+3}\quad [Ar]3d^1$
$1$ unpaired $e^-s\longrightarrow$ paramagnetic.

$(D)$ $V\quad [Ar]3d^34s^2$
$V^{+3}\quad [Ar]3d^2$
$2$ unpaired $e^-s\longrightarrow$ paramagnetic.

Ions which do not have unpaired electrons do not show colour in aqueous solution. These are known as diamagnetic ions.

Multiple choice chemistry nature of matter heterogenous mixture - colloidal solution and its properties suspensions and colloids mixtures

Which of the following is positively charged colloidal particle?

  1. $Ag$
  2. $ { Al } _ { 2 } { O } _ { 3 }. { H } _ { 2 } \ { O }$
  3. $Au$
  4. $Pt$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Arsenic trisulphide $Au, Ag, Cu, Pt$ are negatively charged colloid as in upper carius arm experiment it will move towards the positive charge.

While metallic oxides $Al _2O _3\cdot xH _2O$ is a positively charged solution.

Multiple choice chemistry occurrence of carbon compounds in nature organic compounds allotropes of carbon versatile nature of carbon

The carbon atoms in diamond are bonded to each other by:

  1. ionic bond

  2. coordinate bond

  3. hydrogen bonds

  4. covalent bonds
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The bonds between carbon atoms in diamond are covalent because covalent bonding is the only option when only nonmetals are present.

The rigid network of carbon atoms, held together by strong covalent bonds, makes diamond very hard. This makes it useful for cutting tools, such as diamond-tipped glass cutters and oil rig drills.

Multiple choice chemistry allotropy of carbon organic compounds allotropes of carbon versatile nature of carbon

Fullerene, an allotrope of carbon, has 60 carbon atoms joined together and no other element in it. There are various types of fullerenes. $C _{60}, C _{70}, C _{74}$ and $C _{78}$ are the members of the fullerene family. Identify the property due to which such large numbers of carbon atoms are joined together in this molecule :

  1. Isomerism

  2. Homologous

  3. Catenation

  4. Metamerism
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Catenation is a self-linking property which is maximum present in carbon, because of this property large number of carbon atoms joined together to form molecule.

Multiple choice chemistry carbon compounds organic compounds allotropes of carbon versatile nature of carbon

Which of the following is the true statement for carbon atoms :

  1. A carbon atom loses $4$ electrons.
  2. A carbon atom forms $4$ covalent bonds.
  3. A carbon atom share the $2$ electrons in the first principal energy level.
  4. A carbon atom gains $4$ electrons.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon atoms form 4 covalent bonds. Carbon (atomic number 6) has electronic configuration $\displaystyle 1s^2 2s^22p^4$ It has $4$ valence electrons which are shared with other atoms to form $4$ covalent bonds.

Multiple choice chemistry the world of carbon organic compounds allotropes of carbon versatile nature of carbon

In diamond, the bonding between carbon atoms is :

  1. co-ordinate

  2. ionic

  3. electrostatic

  4. covalent
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In diamond, each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms. A lot of energy is needed to separate the atoms in diamond. 


This is because covalent bonds are strong and diamond contains many covalent bonds. 

Hence, the correct option is $D$