Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about endoplasmic reticulum?
A. The endoplasmic reticulum is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. B. The transport of materials (especially proteins) between various regions of the cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and the nucleus is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum. C. In the pancreatic cells of the vertebrates, smooth endoplasmic reticulum acts as a detoxifying agent for poisons and drugs.

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Only C

  4. A and B

  5. A and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large network of membrane-bound tubes and sheets. B. The function of the endoplasmic reticulum is to serve as a channel for the transport of materials (especially proteins) between various regions of the cytoplasm or between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. C. In the liver cells of the group of animals called vertebrates, smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs.

Multiple choice

Genes, the hereditary units, are located in the

  1. Nuclear membrane

  2. Chromosomes

  3. Lysosomes

  4. Cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information in organized units called genes.

Multiple choice

Phagocytosis means

  1. cell dying

  2. cell growing

  3. cell feeding

  4. cell generating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Phagocytosis comes from Greek roots meaning 'cell eating.' It is the process by which a cell engulfs solid particles like food or bacteria. 'Cell feeding' accurately describes this process of taking in nutrients by surrounding them with the cell membrane.

Multiple choice

Which of these organelles is/are absent in prokaryotes?

  1. Cell wall

  2. Ribosome

  3. Cell membrane

  4. None of the above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Prokaryotes possess cell walls, ribosomes, and cell membranes - all three structures listed are present in bacteria. The question likely refers to membrane-bound organelles like nucleus, mitochondria, or ER which are absent, but based on given options, 'None of the above' is correct.

Multiple choice

The cells which form the permanent tissues, exhibit some special characteristic features. Which among the following features regarding those cells is incorrect?

  1. Absence of ergastic substances.

  2. The cell wall may be either thin or thick.

  3. Every cell has either one or two large and prominent vacuoles.

  4. Granular cytoplasm.

  5. The cells vary in size and shape considerably.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ergastic substances are almost always present in the form of secretory products, storage products or excretory products.

Multiple choice

Morphallaxis refers to

  1. regeneration of lost parts like limb

  2. regeneration occurs mainly by the remodelling of existing tissues

  3. replacement of epidermal cells of the skin

  4. healing of wound

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Regeneration occurs mainly by the remodelling of existing tissues in morphallaxis. It takes place in physiological regeneration.

Multiple choice

Phagocytosis means _____.

  1. cell dying

  2. cell growing

  3. cell feeding

  4. cell generating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Phagocytosis literally means 'cell eating' or 'cell feeding' - the process by which a cell engulfs solid particles by extending its membrane around them. Amoeba uses this process to capture food particles. 'Phago' comes from Greek meaning 'to eat'.