Biology · Science General

Cell Biology and Structure

3,062 Questions

Cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cellular organelles. Key topics include cellular respiration, DNA inheritance, and energy production. These fundamental biology concepts are crucial for medical entrance and state service examinations.

Cell organelles functionsCellular respiration sitesDNA and ribosomesAnimal cell structurePlant cell components

Cell Biology and Structure Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is incorrect about a cell?

  1. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit<font size="2"> of life.</font>

  2. All living organisms are made up of cells.

  3. A cell has a simple structure in all living organisms.

  4. Different cells have different shapes and sizes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Complexity of a cell depends on the type of organism. It may be simple or complex depending on the organism.

Multiple choice

What is the function of golgi apparatus?

  1. Storage, transportation and protein synthesis

  2. Storage, packaging and transport of proteins and lipids

  3. Synthesis and modification of proteins

  4. Synthesis and modification of lipid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Golgi apparatus is present around the ER of a cell and helps in storage, packaging and transportation of proteins and lipids.

Multiple choice

A cell organelle ‘X’ is a small, rod-shaped or spherical body with a double membrane. Its inner membrane has several folds, which project inwards, forming finger-like structures called cristae. It has its own ribosomes. Identify the cell organelle 'X'.

  1. Endoplasmic reticulum

  2. Golgi body

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Centrosome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 The organelle 'X' is mitochondria as it has a small, rod-shaped or spherical body with a double membrane. Its inner membrane has several folds, which project inwards, forming finger-like structures called cristae. It has its own ribosomes too.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements are incorrect about prokaryotic cell?

  1. Prokaryotic cells are smaller in size than eukaryotic cells.
  2. Site for oxidative phosphorylation is mitochondria.
  3. Ribosomal subunits are 60S and 40S.
  4. Golgi body is absent.

  1. Only 1 and 2

  2. Only 1, 2 and 3

  3. Only 2 and 3

  4. Only 2, 3 and 4

  5. Only 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Mitochondria are not found in prokaryotic cells. Site for oxidative phosphorylation in prokaryotic cells is cell membrane. Cytoplasmic ribosome size of prokaryotic cells is 70S. Ribosomal subunits are 50S and 30S.

Multiple choice

Endoplasmic reticulum is involved in

  1. Detoxification
  2. Ribosome formation
  3. Lipid synthesis
  4. Glycogenolysis

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 3 and 4

  4. 1, 2 and 3

  5. 1, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The functions of Endoplasmic reticulum are: Detoxification:- E.R helps in detoxification of many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Glycogenolysis:- Synthesis of glycogen occurs in the cytoplasmic matrix but the SER is involved in glycogenolysis. Lipid synthesis:- The SER is concerned with synthesis of lipid e,g, triglyceride. The membranes of SER also appear to be involved in the formation of lipo – protein complexes. The SER is also involved in the initial stages of the breaking down of fatty acids. The nucleoli present in the nucleus helps in the formation of ribosomes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

A. Plasma membrane is composed of lipids and proteins. B. The cell wall is composed of lipids and phospholipids in plants and is located outside the cell membrane. C. The nucleus in eukaryotes is covered by a single-layered membrane. D. Photosynthesis occurs in chromoplasts.

  1. Only A

  2. Both A and B

  3. Both B and C

  4. Both C and D

  5. Only D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A. Cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane composed of lipids and proteins. B. In plant cells, the cell wall composed mainly of cellulose is located outside the cell membrane. In animal cells, the cell wall is mainly composed of lipids and phospholipids. C. The nucleus in eukaryotes is separated from the cytoplasm by a double-layered membrane and it directs the life processes of the cell. D. Most plant cells have large membranous organelles called plastids, which are of two types - chromoplasts and leucoplasts. Chromoplasts that contain chlorophyll are called chloroplasts and they perform photosynthesis.