Biology

Cardiovascular and Nervous System

981 Questions

Review the human cardiovascular system through these competitive exam practice questions. Key areas include heart valves, cardiac impulse pathways, and blood pressure regulation. A solid grasp of these fundamentals is crucial for science sections.

Heart anatomy and valvesCardiac impulse conductionBlood pressure mechanicsHeartbeat regulation

Cardiovascular and Nervous System Questions

Multiple choice drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action medicinal chemistry chemistry in everyday life chemistry body defense system

Which of the following increases blood pressure and heart beat?

  1. Noradrenaline

  2. Dopamine

  3. Serotonin

  4. Adrenaline
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,D Correct answer
Explanation

Noradrenaline interacts with beta receptors found on pacemaker cells in the heart. It stimulates the pacemaker cells, thereby increasing the rate at which they generate electrical charges. Each charge released from pacemaker cells cause the heart to contract. Noradrenaline increases heart rate initially but this effect is minimized by its effect on blood vessel.
Also, a rise in adrenaline increases heart rate, blood pressure, cholesterol, artery wall inflammation and blood clotting.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Pacemaker is situated in the

  1. Wall of right atrium

  2. Interauricular septum

  3. Interventricular septum

  4. Wall of left atrium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The actual structure that serves as the heart's primary pacemaker is called the sinoatrial node (SA node). The SA node is a little bundle of cells located in the wall of the right atrium, the small upper chamber on the right side of the heart.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Wall of right atrium.'

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

The pacemaker of heart is

  1. Foramen ovale

  2. Sinoatrial node

  3. Ductus arteriosus

  4. Bundle of His

  5. Vagus nerve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Electrical impulses from the heart muscle cause your heart to beat (contract). This electrical signal begins in the sinoatrial (SA) node, located at the top of the heart's upper-right chamber (the right atrium). The SA node is sometimes called the heart's“natural pacemaker.”

So, the correct option is 'Sino-atrial node'.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

The heart beat is initiated and regulated by nodal tissue made of specialised cardiac muscles called

  1. Spongy tissue

  2. Purkinje tissue

  3. Alveolar tissue

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Purkinje tissue is influenced by electrical discharge from the sinoatrial node. During the ventricular contraction portion of the cardiac cycle, the Purkinje fibres carry the contraction impulse from both the left and right bundle branch to the myocardium of the ventricles. In this way these fibres control and initiate heart beat.

So, the correct option is B. ( Purkinje tissue )

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

The action potential is conducted from the atria to ventricles by:

  1. Purkinje fibre

  2. SA node and AVN

  3. Bundle of his and SAN

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Sino-atrial node (SA node) is located the right upper corner of the right atrium and AVN(AV node) is located in the lower-left corner of the right atrium close to the atrioventricular septum.
  • The SAN can generate the maximum number of action potentials, i.e., $70-75 min^{–1}$, and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart. Therefore, it is called the pacemaker. From the SA node, the action potential is conducted from the atria to ventricles by AVN.
  • Hence the action potential is conducted from the atria to ventricles via SA node and AVN.
  • So, the correct answer is 'SA node and AVN'.
Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Sinoatrial node (SAN) is located at

  1. Right upper corner of right atrium

  2. Right Lower lower corner of right atrium

  3. Right upper corner of left atrium

  4. Left upper corner of right atrium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sinoatrial node is present at the right upper corner of the right atrium. The node is present below the Vena Cava. It initiates the autonomous contraction of the heart muscles.

So, the correct option is 'Right upper corner of right atrium'.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology
Give these structure of the conduction system of the heart :
1. It is Atrioventricular bundle
2. AV node
3. Bundle branches
4. Purkinje fibres 
 5. SA node
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in an order of an action potential passes through them.
  1. $2,5,3,1,4$
  2. $5,2,1,3,4$
  3. $2,5,1,3,4$
  4. $5,2,4,1,3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct series is 

5.SA node
2.AV node
1.It is atrioventricular bundle
3.Bundle branches
4. Purkinje fibers
So, the correct answer is '5,2,1,3,4'

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

If a person is undergoing artificial pacemaker transplant then at which of the following structure the transplantation occurs?

  1. SA node

  2. AV node

  3. SA bundles

  4. Right ventricle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Heart's sinus node (SA node) is our natural pacemaker (located in the upper right chamber of the heart).
  • It sends an electrical impulse to produce the heartbeat.
  • The job of a pacemaker is to artificially take over the role of your sinus node if it isn't working properly.
  • So, the correct answer is 'SA node'.
Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Natural pacemaker of heart is?

  1. SA node or Sinuatrial node

  2. AV node or Auriculoventricular node

  3. Helpful in initiation of cardiac impulse
  4. Both $(1)$ & $(3)$ are correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The SA node is the natural pacemaker of the heart as it sets the rhythm for cardiac contractions.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Which of the following is called pacemaker?

  1. AV node

  2. Bundle of His

  3. SA node

  4. Purkinje fibres
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The heart muscle's electrical impulses cause the heart to beat. This electrical signal starts at the Sinoatrial (SA) node at the top of the upper-right chamber of the heart. Sometimes the SA node is called the "natural pacemaker" of the heart.The SA node sends electrical impulses at some level, but depending on physical requirements, stress, or hormonal variables, heart rate may still alter.  It causes the upper chambers of the heart (the atria) to contract when an electrical impulse is released from this natural pacemaker. Then the signal travels to AV node and then to the bundle of HIs resulting in ventricular contraction.

So, the correct answer is 'SA node'

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Where is the pacemaker situated?

  1. In left auricle near opening of pulmonary vein

  2. In right auricle near eustachian valve

  3. On inter-auricular septum

  4. On inter-ventricular septum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Sino-atrial node is the natural pacemaker of the heart. These are a group of small, flattened and ellipsoid strip cardiac muscle fiber situated in the upper lateral wall of the right atrium near the Eustachian valve (valve of the inferior vena cava).

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

Pacemaker influences

  1. Contraction of heart muscles

  2. Flow of blood in heart

  3. Rate of heart beat

  4. Formation of nerve impulse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A specialised cardiac musculature, called as the nodal tissue is distributed in the heart. A patch of this tissue is present in the right upper corner of the right atrium, called as the sino-atrial node (SAN). 

The nodal musculature has the ability to generate action potentials without any external stimuli, i.e., it is auto excitable. The SAN can generate the maximum number of action potentials, i.e., 70 - 75 beats/min and is responsible for initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of the heart. Therefore, it is called as the pacemaker of heart.

Multiple choice cardiac cycle simple nutrients into cells the circulatory system biology

The heartbeat is regulated by a small node of cardiac muscles called

  1. Pericardium

  2. Ventricle

  3. Tricuspid valve

  4. Pacemaker
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A small node of specialized tissue is located int he upper right corner of right ventricle called as SA node. It is known as natural pacemaker of heart as it is responsible for initiation and regulation of heart beat.