Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following could replace 'cup' as used in the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and select the most suitable option from each list according to the corresponding number in the passage.
A candle's beauty is not preatiness (1) of colour or shape, but rather (2) something else: "Not the best-looking thing, but the best-acting thing." A candle taps (3) all of the known laws of the universe.
The heat of the flame melts the wax and draws up (4) currents of air to cool the wax at the periphery, thus creating a cup (5) for the molten wax, which remains horizontal thanks (6) to gravity - "the same force of gravity which holds worlds together". Capillary action draws the melted wax up the wick from cup to flame, while the flame's heat triggers (7) a chemical reaction in the wax that sustains (8) the flame.

  1. trophy

  2. beaker

  3. hollow

  4. piece
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The edges of a burning candle are a little raised and the centre is depressed as in a hollow.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 17?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
The word ‘petroleum’ _____ (17) _____ from the two Latin words ‘petra’ and ‘oleum’ meaning rock and oil respectively.
Intense pressure and heat inside the earth converted the decomposed plants and animals _______ (18) ______ petroleum.
Scientists have ______ (19) ______ in synthesising petrol by some artificial techniques also, but petrol prepared in this way is costlier.
It is found in many countries but mainly in Gulf countries, USA and Russia. In India, it is _____ (20) ______ found in Assam and Bombay High.

  1. derives

  2. had derived

  3. have been derived

  4. is derived
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The word is derived from (passive from).

Multiple choice

Which of the following could replace 'draws up' as used in the passage?

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and select the most suitable option from each list according to the corresponding number in the passage.
A candle's beauty is not preatiness (1) of colour or shape, but rather (2) something else: "Not the best-looking thing, but the best-acting thing." A candle taps (3) all of the known laws of the universe.
The heat of the flame melts the wax and draws up (4) currents of air to cool the wax at the periphery, thus creating a cup (5) for the molten wax, which remains horizontal thanks (6) to gravity - "the same force of gravity which holds worlds together". Capillary action draws the melted wax up the wick from cup to flame, while the flame's heat triggers (7) a chemical reaction in the wax that sustains (8) the flame.

  1. obtains

  2. carries

  3. provides

  4. utilises
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

It makes use of the currents of air to cool the wax at the periphery

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 18?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
The word ‘petroleum’ _____ (17) _____ from the two Latin words ‘petra’ and ‘oleum’ meaning rock and oil respectively.
Intense pressure and heat inside the earth converted the decomposed plants and animals _______ (18) ______ petroleum.
Scientists have ______ (19) ______ in synthesising petrol by some artificial techniques also, but petrol prepared in this way is costlier.
It is found in many countries but mainly in Gulf countries, USA and Russia. In India, it is _____ (20) ______ found in Assam and Bombay High.

  1. into

  2. under

  3. towards

  4. for
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The decomposed plants and animals converted into petroleum.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 20?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
The word ‘petroleum’ _____ (17) _____ from the two Latin words ‘petra’ and ‘oleum’ meaning rock and oil respectively.
Intense pressure and heat inside the earth converted the decomposed plants and animals _______ (18) ______ petroleum.
Scientists have ______ (19) ______ in synthesising petrol by some artificial techniques also, but petrol prepared in this way is costlier.
It is found in many countries but mainly in Gulf countries, USA and Russia. In India, it is _____ (20) ______ found in Assam and Bombay High.

  1. least

  2. mostly

  3. maximally

  4. intensely
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The meaning that is intended to be conveyed here is that it is chiefly found in Assam and Bombay High. Therefore, mostly is the appropriate option here.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 19?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
The word ‘petroleum’ _____ (17) _____ from the two Latin words ‘petra’ and ‘oleum’ meaning rock and oil respectively.
Intense pressure and heat inside the earth converted the decomposed plants and animals _______ (18) ______ petroleum.
Scientists have ______ (19) ______ in synthesising petrol by some artificial techniques also, but petrol prepared in this way is costlier.
It is found in many countries but mainly in Gulf countries, USA and Russia. In India, it is _____ (20) ______ found in Assam and Bombay High.

  1. reached

  2. demanded

  3. succeeded

  4. decided
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Scientists were successful in synthesising petrol. Therefore, (3) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 17?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Fire ____(17)_____ things hot by adding heat, and that raises temperature.
You _______(18)______ a fire with its hissing tongues of orange flame.
When something gets too hot and its temperature rises more than it can take, it bursts into hot flames and _____(19)_____ to burn.

Fire is _____(20)_____ than sunlight and it quickly heats up anything it touches.

  1. made

  2. makes

  3. will make

  4. make
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fire (singular) makes things hot.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 18?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Fire ____(17)_____ things hot by adding heat, and that raises temperature.
You _______(18)______ a fire with its hissing tongues of orange flame.
When something gets too hot and its temperature rises more than it can take, it bursts into hot flames and _____(19)_____ to burn.

Fire is _____(20)_____ than sunlight and it quickly heats up anything it touches.

  1. also seen

  2. may be seen

  3. must have seen

  4. must be seen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The statement is about something that you may have done anytime or many times.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 19?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Fire ____(17)_____ things hot by adding heat, and that raises temperature.
You _______(18)______ a fire with its hissing tongues of orange flame.
When something gets too hot and its temperature rises more than it can take, it bursts into hot flames and _____(19)_____ to burn.

Fire is _____(20)_____ than sunlight and it quickly heats up anything it touches.

  1. ends

  2. leads

  3. starts

  4. prefers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The burning starts.

Multiple choice

Which of these fits gap 20?

Directions: Complete this passage by selecting the most suitable option for the corresponding gap.
Fire ____(17)_____ things hot by adding heat, and that raises temperature.
You _______(18)______ a fire with its hissing tongues of orange flame.
When something gets too hot and its temperature rises more than it can take, it bursts into hot flames and _____(19)_____ to burn.

Fire is _____(20)_____ than sunlight and it quickly heats up anything it touches.

  1. much hotter

  2. more hot

  3. much hot

  4. more hotter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Much indicates the intensity of heat. More hot is incorrect. The correct comparative is hotter.