Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,756 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds combustion and thermal cracking of hydrocarbons chemical properties of carbon compounds chemical properties of organic compounds

LPG releases  ______ of the $CO _2$ per KWh produced by oil.

  1. 89%

  2. 81%

  3. 79%

  4. 0%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

LPG releases 81% of the $CO _2$ per Kwh produced by oil.
LPG, at atmospheric pressure, has a higher calorific value 94 MJ/m$^3$ which equivalent to 26.1 kWh/m$^3$.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds combustion and thermal cracking of hydrocarbons chemical properties of carbon compounds chemical properties of organic compounds

Carbon monoxide is produced by :

  1. incomplete combustion of fuels

  2. complete combustion of fuels

  3. neutralization of fuels

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon monoxide is produced by incomplete combustion of fuels.
The complete combustion of fuels will give carbon dioxide.
$\displaystyle C + \dfrac {1}{2}O _2 \rightarrow CO$
$\displaystyle C +  O _2 \rightarrow CO _2$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds combustion and thermal cracking of hydrocarbons chemical properties of carbon compounds chemical properties of organic compounds

LPG is liquefied petroleum gas which is a compound of butane and propane and used as :

  1. cooking fuel

  2. motor fuel

  3. refrigeration

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

LPG is liquefied petroleum gas which is a compound of butane and propane. It is used as cooking fuel (in heating appliances, cooking equipment), motor fuel (in vehicles) and refrigeration.


Hence the correct option is D.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds combustion and thermal cracking of hydrocarbons chemical properties of carbon compounds chemical properties of organic compounds

LPG has a lower energy density than either petrol or fuel-oil, so the equivalent  ______ is higher.

  1. fuel-consumption

  2. fuel-absorption

  3. fuel density

  4. fuel capacity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

LPG has a lower energy density than either petrol or fuel-oil, so the equivalent fuel-consumption is higher.
Lower energy density means lesser amount of energy is released during combustion of unit mass of fuel. Hence, to obtain certain quantity of fuel more fuel should be combusted.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical reactions of organic compounds combustion and thermal cracking of hydrocarbons chemical properties of carbon compounds chemical properties of organic compounds

LPG can be used as a power source for :

  1. combined heat and power technologies (CHP)

  2. combined heat and energy technologies ( CHP)

  3. combined heat and coal technologies (CHP)

  4. heat and power technologies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

LPG can be used as a power source for combined heat and power technologies (CHP).
Combined  heat and power (CHP) is the simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heating from the combustion of a fuel. It is a thermodynamically efficient use of fuel.

Multiple choice chemistry hydrocarbons introduction to alkenes - ethyne acetylene alkynes

A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Why a mixture of ethyne and air is not used?

  1. ethene can not burn in air

  2. incomplete combustion takes place

  3. ethene burn in air with explosion

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When ethyne is burnt in air incomplete burning takes place and produce sooty flame due to limited supply oxygen present in the air.


 However, if ethyne is burnt in oxygen, it gives a clean flame with high temperature (3000°C ) due to complete combustion of ethyne.

 Hence, This oxy-acetylene flame is used for welding and it is not possible to attain such a high temperature with air. Due this reason a mixture of ethyne and air is not used for welding.

Multiple choice nanoscience and nanotechnology nanotechnology logic gates

"Fullerene" is made up of how many atoms ?

  1. 40

  2. 60

  3. 20

  4. 10
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  1. Fullerene is another form of carbon allotropes.
    2. It can be identified as $C-60$ since, it is made of $60$atoms, arranged in the shape of a football.
    3. Since, this look like the geodesic dome designed by the US archited Buckminster Fuller, the molecule was named Fullerence.
Multiple choice methods of purification of organic compounds methods of purification - organic compounds organic chemistry - some basic principles and techniques organic chemistry : some basic principles and techniques chemistry biochemical techniques

Refining of petroleum does not involve.

  1. Simple distillation

  2. Steam distillation

  3. Fractional distillation

  4. Distillation under reduced pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,C,D Correct answer
Explanation

The steam distillation process works on the principle that when a mixture of two or more undissolved liquids are heated, while ensuring that the surfaces of both liquids are in contact with the atmosphere, the vapor pressure exerted by the system increases. This method is used for the refining of petroleum. 


So, simple distillation, fractional distillation, distillation under reduced pressure are not involved in the refining of petroleum.

Options A, C, and D are correct answers.

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution ways to prevent air pollution ways to reduce air pollution reducing air pollution

Carbon monoxide is naturally produced by oxidation of   X  , a gas present in swamp area while it can be produced by   Y     of fuels containing carbon.

  1. X - $CO _{2}$, Y = complete combustion
  2. X - $CH _{4}$, Y = incomplete combustion

  3. X = C, Y = oxidation
  4. X = $CH _{4}$, Y = complete combustion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon monoxide is basically formed when an object is burned. Methane, which is a natural gas produces  CO after oxidation. Methane, produces less CO as compared to other units of gas. Incomplete combusion results in creation of poisonous CO. It occurs when supply of oxygen is poor. 

Multiple choice chemistry air and water pollution ways to prevent air pollution ways to reduce air pollution reducing air pollution

Incomplete combustion of petrol or diesel oil in automobile engines can be best detected by testing the fuel gases for the presence of __________ .

  1. carbon Monoxide and water vapour

  2. carbon monoxide

  3. nitrogen dioxide

  4. sulphur dioxide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The incomplete combustion of petrol and diesel in automobile produces carbon monoxide.

Multiple choice chemistry combustion extinguishing fire ways to control fire combustion, fuels and flame

Fire extinguisher's containing $CO _2$ is the best extinguisher.

  1. Because $CO _2$ being heavier than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket
  2. Because $CO _2$ being heavier than oxygen, increase fire.
  3. Because $CO _2$ being leighter than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

For fires involving electrical equipment and inflammable material like petrol, carbon dioxide is the best extinguisher. Carbon dioxide being heavier than oxygen, covers the fire like a blanket. Since, the contact between the duel and oxygen is cut off, the fire is extinguished.

Multiple choice chemistry combustion extinguishing fire ways to control fire combustion, fuels and flame

How carbon dioxide is stored in the house to extinguish fire?

  1. It can store in the bottles

  2. It can store in the cylinders under high pressure

  3. It can store in canes

  4. It can not store in any form
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon dioxide is being a gas can be store in cylinder's under high pressure like L.P.G.When released from the cylinder, carbon dioxide expands enormously in volume and cools down. So, it not only forms blanket around the fire, it also brings down the temperature of the fuel.

Multiple choice chemistry combustion extinguishing fire ways to control fire combustion, fuels and flame

Fire is extinguished by __________.

  1. removing all combustible substance

  2. cutting off a supply of air

  3. cooling the burning substance

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fire is extinguished by  :
(A) Removing all combustible substance. Fuel is one of the requirements for producing fire. In the absence of fuel, combustion will not occur.
(B) Cutting off a supply of air. Air (oxygen) is essential for combustion. In the absence of air, combustion will not occur.
(C) Cooling the burning substance. This reduces the temperature below its ignition temperature. The fire will not spread.