Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice

Burning of coal and petroleum mainly produce(s)

  1. oxides of sulphur

  2. oxides of carbon

  3. oxides of nitrogen

  4. all of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When coal and petroleum are burnt, oxides of sulphur (sulphur dioxide), oxides of carbon (carbon dioxide) and oxides of nitrogen (nitrogen dioxide) are released.

Multiple choice

Tetraethyl lead (TEL) is added to petrol to

  1. prevent freezing

  2. increase boiling point

  3. increase flash point

  4. increase anti knocking rating
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Tetraethyl lead was historically added to gasoline as an anti-knock agent to prevent premature detonation (knocking) in internal combustion engines.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an example of a chemical change?

  1. Rusting of iron

  2. Charring of sugar into charcoal

  3. Burning of fuels

  4. Cooking of food

  5. Dissolution of rubber in alcohol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option as dissolution of rubber in alcohol is not an example of a chemical change. It is an example of a physical change.

Multiple choice

Which of the following are the constituents of green oil?

  1. Anthracene and phenanthrene

  2. Benzene and toluene

  3. Phenol and naphthalene

  4. Cersols and naphthalene

  5. Both (2) and (3)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because green oil shows fluorescence. Both anthracene and phenanthrene are present in green oil.

Multiple choice

A yellow sooty flame with lots of smoke is produced by

  1. saturated hydrocarbons.

  2. ethyne.

  3. liquefied petroleum gas.

  4. butane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Unsaturated hydrocarbons with a high carbon-to-hydrogen ratio, such as ethyne (acetylene), burn with a yellow sooty flame due to incomplete combustion.

Multiple choice

Complete combustion of hydrocarbon produces

  1. CO and water.

  2. CO and Hydrogen.

  3. CO2 and H2.

  4. CO2 and H2O.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Complete combustion of hydrocarbons produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). This is the balanced equation: CxHy + (x + y/4)O2 → xCO2 + (y/2)H2O. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a product of incomplete combustion.

Multiple choice

Tetraethyl lead (TEL) is added to petrol to

  1. increase boiling point

  2. prevent freezing

  3. increase anti-knocking rating

  4. increase flash point
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tetraethyl lead (TEL) is extensively used as an additive to gasoline, wherein it served as an effective antiknock agent and prevented exhaust valve and seatwear.

Multiple choice

Diesel oil is preferred for heavy motor vehicles because of

  1. less damage to engine

  2. higher efficiency and fuel economy

  3. higher industrial production from crude

  4. less consumption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The diesel engine has proved to be extremely efficient and cost effective. Diesel engines in automobiles provide higher mileage, making it an obvious choice for heavy-duty transportation and equipment. And diesel engines are attracting greater attention due to higher efficiency and cost effectiveness.

Multiple choice

Why is crude oil known as black gold?

  1. Because of its colour.

  2. Its importance in today's world.

  3. We get gold out of this black liquid after processing.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, its importance makes it precious and gold is precious too, so the name given as BLACK GOLD.

Multiple choice

In the formation of Al2O3 huge amount of energy is released which makes it useful in

  1. Thermite welding

  2. Gas welding

  3. Tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding

  4. Oxy-acetylene welding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Thermite  welding is process in which fusion is produced by heating with superheated liquid metal and slag resulting from a chemical reaction between a metal oxide and aluminum, with or without the application of pressure. Filler metal, when used, is obtained from the liquid metal.The Thermite Process or Goldschmidt Process is the method of obtaining liquid metal by reduction of the oxide with aluminium powder, when ignited with magnesium ribbon it reacts by producing iron and aluminium oxide at an intensely high temperature approaching 3000 degrees Celsius.It was developed for making welding repairs in situ, such as rail tracks. It was adopted by the army for use in incendiary bombs.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not an allotropic forms of coal?

  1. Lignite

  2. Carbonblack

  3. Anthracite

  4. Bituminous coal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is obtained by burning natural gas in the presence of limited supply of air and collecting the soot on the underside of a revolving disc which is scrapped off and packed. It is not an allotropic forms of coal.