Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,756 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a usage of coal?

  1. Coal is used as a fuel.

  2. Coal is used as a fuel in thermal power plants.

  3. Coal is used to make coke.

  4. Coal is used in oil refineries to extract petrol.

  5. Coal is used as a fuel to make steam in steam engines.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option, as this is not a usage of coal.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. Petroleum is a single chemical compound. b. Coke is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals. c. Coal tar, coal gas and coke are obtained by heating coal in the absence of air.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 'a' is a false statement. Petroleum is a complex mixture of chemical compounds. Hence, it is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. The various compounds present in coal tar are separated by the process of fractional distillation. b. The naphthalene balls used to repel moths and other insects is a product of coal tar. c. Coal gas is a mixture of methane, nitrogen and carbon monoxide as major components.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 'c' is a false statement. Coal gas contains a variety of calorific gases including hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and volatile hydrocarbons together with small quantities of non-calorific gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Thus, it is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are false? a. The Liquefied Petroleum Gas consists mainly of methane. b. Natural gas consists mainly of methane, ethane and propane. c. The separation of petroleum into different fractions is done by the process of fractional distillation.

  1. Only a

  2. Only a and b

  3. Only b

  4. Only b and c

  5. Only c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 'a' is a false statement. The Liquified Petroleum Gas consists mainly of butane. Hence, it is the correct option.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

a. Fractional distillation 1. It is a process in which coal is strongly heated in the absence of air.
b. Destructive distillation 2. It is the slow process by which, the dead plants buried deep under the Earth turn into coal.
c. Carbonisation 3. It is a process in which fractions of petroleum having different boiling point ranges are collected separately.

  1. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  2. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  3. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Fractional distillation is a process in which fractions of petroleum having different boiling point ranges, are collected separately. Destructive distillation is a process in which coal is strongly heated in the absence of air. Carbonisation is the slow process by which, the dead plants buried deep under the Earth turn into coal.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

a. Coal gas 1. It is a tough and porous black solid substance.
b. Coal tar 2. It is a gaseous fuel which is obtained by the strong heating of coal in the absence of air.
c. Coke 3. It is a thick, black liquid having an unpleasant smell which is obtained by the heating of coal in the absence of air.

  1. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

  2. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  3. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  4. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Coal gas is a gaseous fuel, which is obtained by the strong heating of coal in the absence of air. Coal tar is a thick, black liquid having an unpleasant smell, which is obtained by the heating of coal in the absence of air. Coke is a tough and porous black solid substance.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Liquefied Petroleum Gas?

  1. Liquefied Petroleum Gas burns easily.

  2. Liquefied Petroleum Gas does not leave any solid residue on burning.

  3. Liquefied Petroleum Gas does not produce any poisonous gases.

  4. Liquefied Petroleum Gas burns with a smokeless flame.

  5. Liquefied Petroleum Gas has a very low calorific value.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option, as LPG has a high calorific value. Due to this, while burning it produces a lot of heat.

Multiple choice

Animal charcoal is obtained by

  1. destructive distillation of bones

  2. burning the slaughtered animal carcasses

  3. calcining the remains of human beings

  4. burning the bones of large animals
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Animal charcoal is produced by the destructive distillation of bones in the absence of air, which leaves behind a carbon-rich residue.

Multiple choice

Sour gasoline is purified by

  1. Bergius process

  2. Fischer-Tropsch process

  3. Etard process

  4. Doctor sweetening process

  5. Dow's process
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Sour gasoline is purified by the 'Doctor Sweetening' process.

Multiple choice

When coal is heated in the absence of air, it produces coke, coal tar, amino acid liquor and coal gas. What will you call this process?

  1. Destructive distillation

  2. Distillation

  3. Refining

  4. Carbonisation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The process of heating coal in the absence of air does not lead to the burning of coal, but forms many by-products. This process is called destructive distillation of coal. The main by-products of destructive distillation are: coke, coal tar, amino acid liquor and coal gas.