Carbon and Fossil Fuels

Petrol gives off a large amount of energy on burning. This large amount of heat energy is generally not required in homes and so, it is not used as fuel at home. Also, it gives a finish look to the clothes. Therefore, it is used for dry-cleaning purpose.

Petrochemicals are the chemical substances obtained from the refining of petroleum. Diesel, petrol, and bitumen are the substances obtained from petroleum refining. Coal is the fossil fuel formed deep under the earth due to the activity of anaerobic bacteria on dead plants and animals.

Petroleum gas is compressed to be liquefied and is used as an energy source to cook food and for other purposes. Petroleum gas cannot be optimally used in solid or gaseous state and motor fuel is used in automobiles.

Kerosene oil gives off flame on combustion and therefore, it is used in stoves, lamps or jet aircrafts. Heavy motor vehicles make use of diesel to run.

Petroleum and natural gas are the fossil fuels found in Krishna and Godavari deltas.

PCRA is the name of the association made to find out ways and means to conserve petroleum. It refers to Petroleum Conservation Research Association.

Paraffin wax is a chemical preservative, which is used to give a shiny appearance and to preserve a substance. Fuel oil is used for obtaining energy, lubricating oil for lubrication, bitumen for paving roads, and paraffin wax for candles, vaseline, etc. It is edible, but not digestible. 

Kerosene lamps burn with a yellow flame due to incandescence - the glowing of unburnt carbon particles heated to high temperatures. These particles emit yellow light before being completely consumed.

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BPCL's 'Pure for Sure' campaign included the line 'Does your petrol ensure lesser emissions? For sure' emphasizing fuel quality and environmental responsibility. The campaign highlighted BPCL's petrol purity and lower emissions compared to competitors. IOC (Indian Oil Corporation) and Oil India are other oil companies with different campaign focuses.

Methane (CH4) is the simplest hydrocarbon, consisting of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. Ethane has 2 carbons, hexane has 6 carbons, and 'Siliken' appears to be a misspelling or nonexistent term.

Butane (C4H10) is a short-chain alkane with only 4 carbon atoms. Small alkanes with 1-4 carbon atoms exist as gases at room temperature because they have weak intermolecular forces and low boiling points.

Hydrocarbons with 5-16 carbon atoms (pentane to hexadecane range) are liquids at room temperature. They have sufficient molecular weight and intermolecular forces to exist as liquids, unlike smaller alkanes (gases) or much larger ones (solids).

Graphite has a layered structure where carbon atoms are arranged in flat sheets. These layers can easily slide over each other due to weak van der Waals forces between them, giving graphite its soft and greasy texture that makes it an excellent solid lubricant.