Chemistry · General Awareness

Carbon and Fossil Fuels

1,898 Questions

Review fundamental concepts regarding carbon compounds, coal distillation, and fossil fuel formation. This segment covers the chemical properties and industrial applications of natural gas and crude oil. Practicing these questions will strengthen your chemistry foundation for general science sections.

Coal distillationPetroleum formationProperties of crude oilNatural gas applications

Carbon and Fossil Fuels Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following substances can increase the antiknocking property of petrol?

  1. Tetramethyl lead

  2. Tetraethyl Lead

  3. Trimethyl Lead

  4. Triethyl Lead

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A colourless, poisonous, oily liquid, Pb(C2H5)4, used in gasoline for internal-combustion engines as an antiknock agent.(TEL) a lead compound used as an additive to increase the octane rating and reduce the knock or detonation tendencies of gasoline. One gram of lead increases the octane of one gallon of gasoline to about 6 numbers. The EPA has phased down the use of lead in gasoline as it has been determined to be a health hazard. Lead has been prohibited in highway vehicle gasoline since January 1, 1996.

Multiple choice

Cement can be formed by heating the mixture of ___________________ at a very high temperature.

  1. limestone and graphite

  2. limestone and clay

  3. chalk and graphite

  4. clay and graphite

  5. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cement is a fine, soft, powdery-type substance.  It is made from a mixture of elements that are found in natural materials such as limestone, clay, sand. When cement is mixed with water, it can bind sand and gravel into a hard, solid mass called concrete.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

  1. Ethanol can be easily produced from carbohydrate rich substances like sugarcane and its calorific value is more than petrol.
  2. Ethanol is considered to be an excellent substitute for kerosene.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  1. Ethanol is a biofuel and can be easily produced from carbohydrate rich substances like sugarcane, corn and sorghum. It burns clean and non polluting. However, as compared to petrol its calorific value is less and therefore, produces much less heat than petrol.
    1. Ethanol is considered to be an excellent substitute for kerosene and its combustion is as clean as LPG.
Multiple choice

What is a refinery?

  1. It is the place where oil gets refined.

  2. It is the first stage of oil refining.

  3. It is the process of converting large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones.

  4. The process of taking out petrol from the earth.

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

No, it is incorrect as refinery is a place not a process. The first stage of oil refining, i.e., crude processing,  is known as distillation. 

Multiple choice

What does the word petroleum means?

  1. Rock oil

  2. Ancient sea structure

  3. Swamp gas

  4. Crude oil

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Petroleum means rock oil. Petra means rock and oil means oil.

Multiple choice

Choose thew option in which the word BURN is used incorrectly or inappropriately.

(1) The incident of a steep fall from the terrace in childhood was burned in her memory. (2) The sky and the bottom of the picture needed substantial burning in. (3) Natural gas produces the cleanest burn of other fuels. (4) In the olden days, before the cure for rabies was discovered, the doctor would burn the wound to ward off infection. (5) In a typical Western diet, all the energy in protein is burned up daily.

  1. 4

  2. 2

  3. 5

  4. 1

  5. 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Correct; the usage of the word is inappropriate. The sent. needs the word 'cauterize'  which means ' to burn for healing purpose'.

Multiple choice

The electrical fires or fires caused due to burning of oil or petrol are extinguished by using _________ fire extinguisher.

  1. water

  2. dry powder

  3. carbon dioxide gas

  4. wet chemical

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The electrical fires or fires caused due to burning of oil or petrol are extinguished by using carbon dioxide gas fire extinguisher. Carbon dioxide covers the fire and cuts off the oxygen supply, which in turn, extinguishes the fire.

Multiple choice

Match the following ||| |---|---| |a. When a combustible material burns at a slow or moderate rate, it is called|1. spontaneous combustion| |b. When a combustible material burns quickly to produce heat and light, it is called|2. slow combustion| |c. When a combustible material suddenly bursts into flames, without the application of apparent cause, it is called|3. rapid combustion|

  1. a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

  2. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

  3. a - 3, b - 2, c - 1

  4. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3

  5. a - 1, b - 3, c - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. When a combustible material burns at a slow or moderate rate, it is called slow combustion. When a combustible material burns quickly to produce heat and light, it is called rapid combustion. When a combustible material suddenly bursts into flames, without the application of apparent cause, it is called spontaneous combustion.