Biology · Science General

Botany and Plant Science

5,038 Questions

Botany and plant science delve into the biological study of plant life, covering structural anatomy, physiological processes, and reproductive mechanisms. Key topics include inflorescence patterns, root modifications, and seed development, which are vital for biology sections in medical entrance exams. This collection of practice questions helps solidify understanding of complex plant functions.

Plant ReproductionPlant AnatomyRoot ModificationsInflorescence PatternsPlant Morphology

Botany and Plant Science Questions

Multiple choice

Assertion :Both apospory and apogamy are observed in PterisReason:They are evident by the production of haploid sporophyte by apospory and diploid gametophyte by apogamy.

  1. Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion

  2. Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion

  3. Assertion is true but Reason is false

  4. Both Assertion and Reason are true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The development of diploid gametophytes from the vegetative parts of the diploid sporophyte without the intervention of spores is known as apospory.Apogamy is the development of sporophyte directly from the gametophyte without the intervention of sex organs and gametes.

Multiple choice

Protonema is formed in

  1. moss

  2. liverworts

  3. ferns

  4. Cycas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Protonema is prostrate, branched, multicellular, filamentous structure, which bears erect foliose gametophore. Protonema is produced on germination of a moss (bryophyte) spore, from which new plants develop as buds.

Multiple choice

In a monoecious plant

  1. male and female sex organs are on different individuals

  2. male and female gametes are of two morphologically distinct types

  3. male and female sex organs are on the same individual

  4. all the stamens are fused to form one unit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

.

Multiple choice

Calyptra develops from

  1. venter wall of archegonium

  2. outgrowth of gametophyte

  3. neck wall of archegonium

  4. paraphysis of the archegonial branch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Calyptra is a covering developed from the venter of archegonium in bryophytes and pteridophytes. It acts as a transpiration shield around the immature capsule and provides protection to the young capsule.

Multiple choice

Winged pollen grains are found in

  1. Cycas

  2. Pinus

  3. Pteris

  4. Selaginella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Pinus, the pollen grains at maturity are protected by a three-layered wall; outermost is exine, the second exointine forms two balloon-like outgrowths called wings and the third is intine. Wings help in the transportation of pollen grains from one place to another place.

Multiple choice

Dead cells of phloem are

  1. Companion cells

  2. fibers

  3. phloem parenchyma

  4. Sieve tubes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fibers are the long, narrow supportive cells that provide tension strength without limiting flexibility. They are also found in xylem, and are the main component of many textiles such as paper, linen, and cotton.

Multiple choice

Nicotiona sylvestris flowers only during long days and N tabacum flowers only during short days. If raised in the laboratory under different photoperiods, they can be induced to flower at the same time and can be cross-fertilised to produce self fertile offspring. What is the best reason for considering N sylvestris and N tabacum to be separate species?

  1. They cannot interbreed in nature.

  2. They are reproductively distinct.

  3. They are physiologically distinct.

  4. They are morphologically distinct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Species is a naturally interbreeding population of organisms.

Multiple choice

Nicotiona sylvestris flowers only during long days and N tabacum flowers only during short days. If raised in the laboratory under different photoperiods, they can be induced to flower at the same time and can be cross-fertilised to produce self fertile offspring. What is the best reason for considering N sylvestris and N tabacum to be separate species?

  1. They cannot interbreed in nature.

  2. They are reproductively distinct.

  3. They are physiologically distinct.

  4. They are morphologically distinct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Species is a naturally interbreeding population of organisms.

Multiple choice

Arrange the following in developmental sequence for angiosperms.

  1. Sporogenous tissue
  2. Pollen mother cell
  3. Pollen grain
  4. Microspore tetrad
  5. Male gamete

  1. 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5

  2. 1 → 2 → 4 → 3 → 5

  3. 1 → 3 → 4 → 2 → 5

  4. 1 → 4 → 3 → 2 → 5

  5. 1 → 4 → 2 → 3 → 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Correct development sequence is as follows: Sporogenous tissue → Pollen mother cell → Microspore tetrad → Pollen grain → Male gamete

Multiple choice

Transfer of pollen from stamen to the stigma is called

  1. pollination

  2. fertilisation

  3. embryogenesis

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The pollen needs to be transferred from the stamen to the stigma. If this transfer of pollen occurs in the same flower, it is referred to as self-pollination. On the other hand, if the pollen is transferred from one flower to another, it is known as cross-pollination.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true for unisexual flowers?

  1. They possess either stamen or carpel.

  2. They do not possess any reproductive organ.

  3. They self-pollinate.

  4. They contain both stamen and carpel in the same flower.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option 1 is the correct answer because flowers that bear pistils only are called pistillate flowers, which are considered as female flowers, and those that bear stamens only are called staminate flowers, which are considered as male flowers.