Biology · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Enzymes

1,432 Questions

This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.

Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties

Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions

Multiple choice properties of enzyme enzyme properties enzymes biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biology

In the modern system of nomenclature which one of the following enzyme occupies 6th position _________________.

  1. enzyme occupies 6th position
    (a) Ligase

  2. Isomerase

  3. Lyase

  4. Hydrolase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
According to the modern classification system, enzymes have been classified into six classes:
Class First is Oxidoreductases
Class Second is Transferases.
Class Third is Hydrolase.
Class Fourth is Lyase.
Class Fifth is Isomerase and
Class Sixth is Ligase.
Therefore A is the correct option. 
Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

The non-protein component in enzymes, which is necessary for its biological activity, is called:

  1. nucleic acid

  2. lipid

  3. phosphoric acid

  4. coenzyme
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The non-protein component in enzymes, which is necessary for its biological activity, is called coenzyme. The activity of an enzyme depends, at the minimum, on a specific protein chain. In many cases, the enzyme consists of the protein and a combination of one or more non-protein parts called coenzymes. Coenzymes can be either inorganic or organic compounds. They include NADH, NADPH and ATP. These molecules transfer chemical groups between enzymes.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Which biomolecule is made up of long chain of amino acids?

  1. Lipids

  2. Proteins

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Nucleic acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are the polymers of amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketones or their derivatives. Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides held together by phosphodiester bonds. Lipids are the chemically diverse group and mostly have long hydrocarbon chain. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Amino acids form the monomeric units of 

  1. Amylase

  2. Glycogen

  3. Phospholipid

  4. Polysaccharide

  5. Ribonucleic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Amylase is peptide hormone and consists of amino acids as monomer subunit. Glycogen is homopolysaccharide of D-glucose while lipids having attached phosphate groups are called as phospholipids. Polysaccharides are polymers of simple sugars (single polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone unit). Ribonucleic acid is a polymer of ribonucleotide monomers. Thus, the correct answer is A.

Multiple choice enzymes and catalysts catalysis adsorption and colloids surface chemistry chemistry adsorption theory of heterogeneous catalysis

The structural resemblence of substrate and inhibitor leads to______________ inhibition.

  1. non-competitive

  2. competitive
  3. both $A$ and $B$

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Competitive Inhibitor - A competitive inhibitor is any compound which closely resembles the chemical structure and molecular geometry of the substrate.

Non-competitive Inhibitor - A non-competitive inhibitor is a substance that interacts with the enzyme, but usually not at the active site. The noncompetitive inhibitor reacts either remote from or very close to the active site.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Mark the wrong statement about enzymes

  1. enzymes are biological catalysts

  2. each enzyme can catalyse a number of similar reactions

  3. enzymes are very efficient catalysts

  4. enzymes are needed only in very small amounts for their action
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Option (B) is incorrect. Enzymes are efficient and biological catalysts which are needed only in very small amounts for their action but each enzyme can catalyse only a specific selective reactions. This is often referred to as "the lock and key" model.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Point out the wrong statement about proteins.

  1. They are nitrogenous organic compounds of high molecular mass.

  2. They on hydrolysis by enzymes give aminoacids.

  3. Many of them are enzymes.

  4. They do not contain polypeptide .
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are nitrogenous organic compounds of high molecular mass which on hydrolysis by enzymes give amino acids. All proteins are enzymes. They do not contain polypeptide but are bonded by peptide linkage.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

One insulin molecule contains:


  1. Three peptide chains, two persulphide linkages.

  2. Two peptide chains, two persulphide linkages.

  3. Two peptide chains, three persulphide bonds.

  4. Three peptide chains, three persulphide bonds.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

One insulin molecule contains two peptide chains, joined by three persulphide bonds. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose) from carbohydrates in the food that you eat for energy or to store glucose for future use. Insulin helps keeps your blood sugar level from getting too high or too low.

Multiple choice chemistry biochemistry enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

Coenzyme is :

  1. the non-protein component of an enzyme which is loosely held by the enzyme and necessary for its biological activity

  2. the protein component of an enzyme which is loosely held by the enzyme and necessary for its biological activity

  3. the non-protein or protein component of an enzyme which is loosely held by the enzyme and necessary for its biological activity

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A coenzyme is an organic non-protein compound that binds with an enzyme to catalyze a reaction. A coenzyme cannot function alone, but can be reused several times when paired with an enzyme. Without coenzymes or cofactors, enzymes cannot catalyze reactions effectively.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur nitrogen gas component of air - nitrogen nitrogen

In plants, atmospheric nitrogen is converted into : 

  1. carbohydrate

  2. proteins

  3. amino acids

  4. fats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B,C Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrogen fixation is a process in which nitrogen ($N _2$) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonium ($NH _4^+$). Nitrogen fixation, natural and synthetic, is essential for all forms of life because nitrogen is required to biosynthesize basic building blocks of plants, animals and other life forms, e.g., nucleotides for DNA and RNA and amino acids for proteins. 

Multiple choice evs - i busy at work - our internal organs human lymphatic system lymph and its function lymph and tissue fluid

The major site of protein breakdown to form free amino acids is in the

  1. Kidney

  2. Spleen

  3. Liver

  4. Bone marrow
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
During the digestion of proteins, hydrochloric acid and proteolytic enzymes in the stomach break down the intact protein molecule into amino acids, which are then absorbed through the intestinal wall. Further breakdown of amino acids to form free amino acid like α-keto acids occurs in the liver by a process known as transamination. It occurs in liver.
Multiple choice botany flower taxonomic description of flower technical terms related to flowers basics of leaf and flower

Consider the following statements with reference to serotaxonomy.
a. The antigen components of plants represent characteristics of taxonomic importance.
b. Both structural and reserve proteins can be used for the classification of plants.
c. Proteins of the same group from different organs are always comparable.
Which of these statements are correct?

  1. $1, 2$ and $3$
  2. $1$ and $2$
  3. $2$ and $3$
  4. $1$ and $3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Serotaxonomy uses immunological properties of proteins to classify plants. All three statements regarding antigen components, protein types, and comparability are foundational to this approach.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Bacteria are made up of

  1. Nucleic acid

  2. Only proteins

  3. Nucleic acid and Proteins

  4. Nucleosides

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nucleic acids constitute the genetic material and help in cellular expressions in bacteria, while proteins are important for constitutive activities in the bacterial cells. 15% of bacterial cell is protein, while 7% nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
So answer is -'nucleic acid and proteins'.