Biology · Chemistry

Biomolecules and Enzymes

1,501 Questions

This topic focuses on biomolecules, specifically proteins, enzymes, and amino acids. It includes questions on enzyme structures, protein folding, and catalysis. These concepts are crucial for medical and biology competitive exams.

Enzyme catalysisProtein structuresAmino acid synthesisPolypeptide chainsBiomolecule properties

Biomolecules and Enzymes Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following amino acids is achiral?

  1. Glycin

  2. Valine

  3. Proline

  4. Histidine

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glycin is an achiral amino acid. Glycin is the simplest, naturally occurring amino acid, which is a constituent of most proteins.

Multiple choice

Rice is deficient in which of the following amino acid?

  1. Lysine

  2. Alanine

  3. Glycine

  4. Leucine

  5. Histidine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rice is deficient in Lysine. It is a basic amino acid, which is a constituent of most  of the proteins. It is an essential nutrient in the diet of vertebrates.

Multiple choice

Which of the following chemical compounds form the antibodies?

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Proteins

  3. Vitamins

  4. Lipids

  5. Enzymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Antibodies are proteins. Proteins are any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds which have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair etc. and as enzymes and antibodies.

Multiple choice

The major ingredient of leather is _____.

  1. Carbohydrate

  2. Collagen

  3. Polymer

  4. Nucleic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The major ingredient of leather is collagen (option B). Leather is produced from animal hides through tanning, and the primary structural protein in animal connective tissue is collagen, which gives leather its strength and durability. Carbohydrates, polymers, and nucleic acids are not the primary components of leather.

Multiple choice

The most abundant protein in the human body is ____.

  1. collagen

  2. haemoglobin

  3. keratin

  4. myoglobin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, making up about 30% of total protein content. It provides structural support to connective tissues like skin, bones, tendons, and ligaments. Haemoglobin is found only in red blood cells, keratin in hair and nails, and myoglobin in muscles.

Multiple choice

Which of the following matches of enzyme and its use is incorrect?

  1. Streptokinase: Lysis of blood clots

  2. Rennin: Cheese production

  3. Cellulase: Fruit and vegetable processing

  4. Lipase: Fat and oil processing

  5. Acidic protease: Detergent making
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Alkali proteases find extensive application in detergent and leather industries while Acidic proteases are used in cheese production.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is correct regarding enzymes?

  1. Induced fit theory of enzymes was given by Emil Fischer.

  2. Michaelis constant is the substrate concentration at which enzyme reaction proceeds at half the maximum velocity.

  3. Synthesis of enzymes is directed by tRNA.

  4. Enzymes exist in cells as solids.

  5. Zymogen is an enzyme.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Michaelis constant is the substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is 50% of the Vmax.

Multiple choice

Which of the following pairs is matched incorrectly?

  1. J. Sumner – Crystallisation of first enzyme

  2. F. A. Lipmang – Discovery of coenzyme-A and its role in metabolism

  3. E. Fischer and Krebs - Alteration of enzyme activity by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation

  4. F. Sanger - Action of enzymes

  5. W. Arber, D. Nathans and Hamilton O. Smith – Discovery of restriction enzymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Otto H. Warnburg gave action of enzymes. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1931 was awarded to Otto Warnburg for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958 was awarded to Frederick Sanger for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin.

Multiple choice

What is the full form of “GFP”?

  1. Green Fluorescent Protein

  2. Glow Fluorescent Protein

  3. Green Fibre Protein

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

GFP is Green Fluorescent Protein, a protein that exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to blue light。'Glow'和'Fibre'是不正确的科学术语扩展。

Multiple choice

Alpha Keratin is a protein present in

  1. skin

  2. eggs

  3. blood

  4. wool
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Alpha-keratin is a fibrous structural protein found in hard keratinized tissues like wool, hair, nails, horns, and the outer layer of skin. It is not present in eggs, blood, or as the primary component of skin.

Multiple choice

Transport proteins _______________.

  1. are invariably integral proteins

  2. are sometimes called permeases

  3. are highly specific often for a single compound or small groups of closely related compounds

  4. are often globular proteins

  5. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

All the statements given above are correct.