Aquatic and Marine Biology

Butterfly, breast (breaststroke), and freestyle are competitive swimming strokes. Diving is a completely separate aquatic sport involving acrobatic entries into water from a platform or springboard, not a swimming stroke.

Spirogyra thrives in stagnant freshwater bodies like ponds, ditches, and slow-moving streams where it can form floating green mats. It cannot survive in saltwater conditions and requires calm, nutrient-rich freshwater for its filamentous growth.

Female frogs release eggs during spawning when physically stimulated by the male's clasp during amplexus. This tactile stimulation triggers ovulation and egg release. Water currents and male vocalizations may attract frogs but do not directly induce spawning. Female-female stimulation does not occur in natural mating behavior.

Aquatic larvae like tadpoles excrete ammonia because they live in water and can easily dilute this toxic waste product. Ammonia requires large amounts of water for elimination, making it suitable only for aquatic animals. Reptiles, birds, and adult amphibians excrete uric acid or urea, which require less water.

Gambusia eats larvae and eggs of mosquitoes and keeps the water clean.

Skin is the outer protective covering of a human/man. Similarly, scales are the outer protective covering of a fish. The analogy is outer covering : animal.

Hydrophobia is the irrational fear of water. Ichthyophobia is the irrational fear of fish. The analogy follows the phobia naming pattern where the suffix indicates the specific fear object.

This is the correct option. Pomfret is a seawater fish. It is found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Ichthyophis is a genus of caecilian amphibians - legless, burrowing amphibians that resemble earthworms or snakes. Despite their snake-like appearance, they are amphibians (Class Amphibia, Order Gymnophiona). They are not reptiles, fish, birds, or mammals.

Frog eggs are mesolecithal - they contain a moderate amount of yolk that is unevenly distributed (more at the vegetal pole). Alecithal eggs have no yolk (e.g., placental mammals), macrolecithal have abundant yolk (birds, reptiles), and telolecithal is a synonym for macrolecithal. The moderate yolk in frog eggs supports tadpole development.

Turtles are reptiles belonging to the order Testudines, characterized by their protective shells. Salamanders and newts are amphibians, while toads and frogs are also amphibians. Reptiles are cold-blooded vertebrates with scales, while amphibians typically have moist skin and undergo metamorphosis.

This is the correct option. Algae are autotrophic organisms that are capable of synthesing their own food.

Filter feeders collect small organisms and particles from the surrounding water. Example: oysters and mussels.

London Zoo opened the first public aquarium in 1853, making it the first zoo to display marine life to the public. The aquarium was housed within the London Zoo's Regent's Park location and showcased marine species that had never before been seen by the general public. The Vancouver Public Aquarium opened in 1956, while Stuttgart Zoo and New York Aquarium were established later in the 20th century.

 ‘Pisciculture’ is the science of rearing fish.