Biology

Animal Tissue and Anatomy

1,349 Questions

Test your knowledge of animal tissues and anatomical structures with these practice questions. The set covers human organs, reproductive systems, and sensory receptors. These fundamental biology topics frequently appear in medical and competitive examinations.

Sensory receptorsReproductive organsBody structure frameworkEar drum pressureExcretory system

Animal Tissue and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice biology the flower structure of a bisexual flower growth and development in plants basics of leaf and flower

Which of the following is regarded as equivalent to perianth?

  1. Glume

  2. Lodicule

  3. Superior palca

  4. Inferior palca
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A lodicule is one of two or three small scales at the base of the ovary in a grass flower that represent the corolla, believed to be a rudimentary perianth. For example, wheat (Triticum aestivum).

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Dynamic balance is maintained by

  1. Maculae

  2. Cristae

  3. Organ of Corti

  4. Reissner's membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Dynamic equilibrium is the maintenance of body position in response to sudden movements. The receptors for dynamic equilibrium are present in cristae of ampullae located at the ends of semi-circular canals. Sensory impulses are carried to brain through auditory nerves. The cerebellum of brain analyse the data and sends signals for proper balance.
So, the correct answer is 'Cristae'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Sensory crista of ampulla of mammalian ear is connected with

  1. Sense of balance

  2. Sense of low hearing

  3. Sense of loud hearing

  4. Secretion of ear wax
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The enlargement of one end of semi-circular canal is called ampulla. It is the swollen base of semi-circular canals which are a series of interconnected tubes or channels present in inner ear and form a part of bony labyrinth. They contain a fluid called endolymph. Ampulla contains a projecting ridge called crista ampullaris or crista. It contains sensory hair cells having cytoplasmic projections on the apical end called stereocilia. Crista contains receptors that sense movements in body and maintain dynamic equilibrium. Hence, it maintains balance of the body.
So, the correct answer is 'Sense of balance'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

The structures in a body that assist in body balance are located in

  1. Middle ear

  2. Inner ear

  3. Eustchain tubes

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The inner ear (also called the labyrinth) contains 2 main structures — the cochlea, which is involved in hearing, and the vestibular system (consisting of the 3 semicircular canals, saccule, and utricle), which is responsible for maintaining balance. The structures in a body that assist in body balance are located in the inner ear are semicircular canals and the vestibule. These together help to maintain the balance and equilibrium of the body. 
So, the correct answer is 'Inner ear'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Which of the following is an efficient organ for hearing in mammals?

  1. Internal ossicles

  2. Malleus and incus

  3. Cochlea

  4. Corpus callosum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Cochlea is the auditory portion of the inner ear. It is a spiral-shaped cavity in the bony labyrinth, in humans making 2.5 turns around its axis, the modiolus.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Which structure helps a person to maintain his equilibrium?

  1. Semicircular canals

  2. Cochlea

  3. Hammer

  4. Eustachian tube
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The inner ear consists of two systems of canals which are namely cochlea and vestibular apparatus. The vestibular apparatus consists of three semicircular canals, cristae and two sacs called as saccule and utricle. Cochlea is the organ of hearing which contain mechanoreceptors for hearing. This makes option B incorrect. The three semicircular canals lie at right angle to each other in vestibular apparatus of inner ear and are filled with endolymph; this arrangement senses the change in movement (acceleration or deceleration) or position and maintain equilibrium. The mechanism includes movement of cupula in response to movement of endolymph within the canal causing the bending of cilia to generate the nerve impulse. This makes option A correct. Hammer is the one of the three ossicles of the middle ear which is concerned with amplification of air pressure while passing it from the inner surface of tympanic membrane via incus to stapes. This makes option C incorrect. The eustachian tube extends from each middle ear to nasopharynx and permits the equalization of air pressure. This makes option D incorrect. Correct answer is A. 

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Which structure helps a person maintain his equilibrium? 

  1. Semicircular canals

  2. Cochlea

  3. Hammer

  4. Eustachian tube
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The inner ear consists of two systems of canals which are namely cochlea and vestibular apparatus. The vestibular apparatus consists of three semicircular canals, cristae and two sacs called as saccule and utricle. The cochlea is the organ of hearing which contains mechanoreceptors for hearing. This makes option B incorrect. The three semicircular canals lie at the right angle to each other in vestibular apparatus of the inner ear and are filled with endolymph; this arrangement senses the change in movement (acceleration or deceleration) or position. The mechanism includes movement of cupula in response to movement of endolymph within the canal causing the bending of cilia to generate the nerve impulse. Hammer is one of the three ossicles of the middle ear which is concerned with amplification of air pressure while passing it from the inner surface of tympanic membrane via incus to stapes. The eustachian tube extends from each middle ear to nasopharynx and permits the equalization of air pressure. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Hearing in rabbit is better than frog. One reason for this is that rabbit has

  1. Three semicircular canal

  2. Vibratile tympanic membrane

  3. Movable pinna

  4. Both fenestra ovalis and eustachian tubes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ear of frog consists of only two parts - middle and internal ear but no external ear. In the rabbit, ear has three regions which are external, middle and internal. External ears consist of the pinna (auricle) and auditory canal (external auditory meatus). Pinna is provided with voluntary muscle and is supported by elastic fibrocartilage. Pinna helps in collecting the sound waves. So, hearing in the rabbit is better than the frog.

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

The true sense of equilibrium in mammals are situated in the

  1. Malleus

  2. Utriculus

  3. Eustachian tubes

  4. Semicircular canal
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The semicircular canals are three canals used to provide information to the brain on directional balance and equilibrium. Each canal is lined with cilia and filled with a fluid called endolymph. As the head and body move, the fluid moves and pushes the cilia back and forth to create a motion sensor.

Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Static balance is maintained by

  1. Maculae

  2. Cristae

  3. Organ of Corti

  4. Reissner's membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Macula is a projecting ridge of saccule and utricle which are otolith organs in vestibular apparatus of inner ear. Vestibular apparatus controls equilibrium and maintains balance of body. When the head changes position due to movements, otoliths in gelatinous membrane come in contact with sensory hair cells and impulses are generated. The impulses are carried by the auditory nerves for interpretation in cerebellum which then sends signal and static balance is restored.
So, the correct answer is 'Maculae'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Part of ear concerned with hearing is

  1. Reissner's membrane and tectorial membrane

  2. Basilar membrane and tectorial membrane

  3. Reissner's membrane and basilar membrane

  4. Ampulla
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Basilar membrane is the floor of cochlear duct and separates scala tympani and scala media. It bears organ of Corti which is the organ of hearing and considered as body's microphone. The internal side of organ of Corti has rows of sensory hair cells which are receptors for sound waves. Above the hair cells is present a thin and elastic membrane called tectorial membrane. The hair cells bend and are pressed against the tectorial membrane due to vibrations in the basilar membrane. This results in generation of impulses which are sent to brain and sound is recognized.
So, the correct answer is 'Basilar membrane and tectorial membrane'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

The sense of equilibrium is determined by

  1. Basilar membrane of cochlea

  2. Tectorial membrane of cochlea

  3. Sensory crista of ampulla

  4. Sensory cells of organ of Corti
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Ampulla is the enlargement of one end of semi-circular canal. It is the swollen base of semi-circular canals which are three semi-circular and interconnected tubes present in inner ear. These are a part of bony labyrinth. They contain a fluid called endolymph. Ampulla contains a projecting ridge called crista ampullaris. It contains hair cells which are sensory receptors present in organ of Corti and have cytoplasmic projections on the apical end called stereocilia. Crista contains specific receptors that sense movements in body and maintain dynamic equilibrium.
So, the correct answer is 'Sensory crista of ampulla'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Receptor cells for balancing occur in human ear in

  1. Malleus, incus and stapes

  2. Utriculus, sacculus and semicircular canals

  3. Organ of Corti

  4. Eustachian tube
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
In humans, balance is maintained by vestibular apparatus in inner ear which contain specific receptors called crista and macula. Crista is a projecting ridge of ampulla of semi-circular canals. Macula is a projecting ridge of saccule and utricle (or sacculus and utriculus) which are otolith organs in vestibular apparatus.
So, the correct answer is 'Utriculus, sacculus and semicircular canals'.
Multiple choice biology sensory organs of humans - sense organs ear : the organ of hearing and equilibrium ear and its function ear

Pressure is maintained on two sides of ear drum by

  1. Auditory ossicles

  2. Membranous labyrinth

  3. Eustachian tube

  4. Cochlea
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Eustachian tube connects middle ear with the pharynx. It maintains pressure between middle ear and atmosphere and thus, equalizes pressure on two sides of ear drum. Eustachian tube is closed for most of the time and opens during certain activities like chewing, swallowing so that the air can pass between middle ear and pharynx. When there is a change in atmospheric pressure, a sudden feeling of blockage is observed and these activities can lead to opening of eustachian tube so that the pressure can be equalized within the middle ear.
So, the correct answer is 'Eustachian tube'.