Animal Tissue and Anatomy

The two labia minora meet at the clitoris, a small, sensitive protrusion that is comparable to the penis in males. The clitoris is covered by a fold of skin, called the prepuce, which is similar to the foreskin at the end of the penis. It is an external structure of the female reproductive system.

The prostate is a walnut-shaped gland that surrounds the urethra. Along with the seminal vesicles it produces the fluid secretions that support and nourish the sperm. Without this fluid to dilute them, the sperm cannot move easily. After the age of 40 years,  the prostate enlarges and can press on the urethra. An enlarged prostate is often the cause of urinary problems in older men.

Vagina is a canal that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus) to the outside of the body. It  is also known as the birth canal. It is an internal reproductive organ in the female .

Gall bladder is a pouch-shaped organ which lies near the liver. It accepts bile from the liver, and stores it. When food is digested, the gall bladder releases bile into the small intestine where it is able to help dissolve fats. It is not an accessory organ of the alimentary canal .

Fallopian tubes are about 10 cm long and begin as funnel-shaped passages next to the ovary. These have a number of finger-like projections known as fimbriae on the end near the ovary. When an egg is released by the ovary it is 'caught' by one of the fimbriae and transported along the fallopian tube to the uterus. The egg is moved along the fallopian tube by the wafting action of cilia .

The intermediate part of male urethra (membranous portion) is the shortest, the least dilatable, and with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the canal. It extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm about 2.5 cm. below and behind the pubic symphysis.

The space of Disse (or perisinusoidal space) is a location in the liver between a hepatocyte and a sinusoid. It contains the blood plasma. Microvilli of hepatocytes extend into this space, allowing proteins and other plasma components from the sinusoids to be absorbed by the hepatocytes.

The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct. It usually lies next to the cystic artery. It is of variable length. It contains a 'spiral valve', which does not provide much resistance to the flow of bile.

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Incisors are the biting teeth in man.

The urinary bladder is the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys prior to disposal by urination. It is a hollow muscular and distensible (or elastic) organ, and sits on the pelvic floor. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.

The glomerulus is a network of small blood vessels (capillaries) located within the Bowman's capsule of the nephron. It is responsible for the filtration of blood during urine formation.