Ancient and Medieval Indian Rulers

 Arthashastra is not one of those works.

Correct Answer: Gopala I The empire was founded with the election of Gopala I as the emperor of Gauda in 750. The Pala stronghold was located in Bengal and Bihar, which included the major cities of Pataliputra, Vikrampura, Ramvati (Varendra), Munger, Tamralipta and Jaggadala. 

Prabhakaravardhana, the ruler of Thanesar, is historically credited with successfully repelling the Huns, earning him the title of a lion to the Huns.

Samudragupta was a devout follower of Brahmanical Hinduism and is known for performing the Ashvamedha sacrifice, whereas Ashoka and Harsha were famous patrons of Buddhism.

The Lion Capital of Ashoka, found at Sarnath, is a sculpture commissioned by the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka to commemorate the site of Buddha's first sermon.

Historian A.V. Smith famously referred to Samudragupta as the Napoleon of India due to his extensive military conquests and expansion of the Gupta Empire.

The Iron Pillar at Mehrauli is widely attributed to the Gupta period, specifically to Chandragupta II, due to the inscriptions and metallurgical style.

The Pushyabhuti dynasty, also known as the Vardhana dynasty, had its capital at Thaneshwar before it was shifted to Kannauj by Harsha.

The Great Stupa at Sanchi was originally commissioned by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE to house relics of the Buddha.

The Cheras, along with the Pandyas and Cholas, are mentioned in early Tamil literature and foreign accounts as ancient dynasties of South India, with the Cheras often cited among the earliest.

The earliest capital of the Magadha Kingdom was Girivraja, which is located in the modern-day town of Rajgir (Rajagriha).

Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, was the mentor and Prime Minister to Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire.

Brahmaur is historically associated with the region and is often cited in local context regarding the ancient naming conventions of the area, though this is a specific regional trivia question.