Udham Singh assassinated General Michael O'Dwyer in London in 1940 to avenge the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919. O'Dwyer had been the Lieutenant Governor of Punjab at the time of the massacre. Bhagat Singh targeted J.P. Saunders (not O'Dwyer), Madanlal Dhingra killed Curzon Wyllie, and Ram Prasad Bismil was involved in the Kakori conspiracy.