A retaining wall of height 8 m retains dry sand. In the initial state, the soil is loose and has a void ratio of 0.5, ^{_{$\gamma d$}}= 17.8 kN/m³ and ^$psi$ = 30^o. Subsequently, the backfill is compacted to a state where void ratio is 0.4, ^{_{$\gamma d$}}= 18.8 kN/m³ and ^$psi$= 35^o. The ratio of initial passive thrust to the final passive thrust, according to Rankine’s earth pressure theory, is