Multiple choice

Metabolic alkalosis is seen in

  1. mineralocortoid excess

  2. increased excretion of base

  3. decreased secretion of H+ ion

  4. deficiency of mineralocorticoids
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Explanation

Mineralocorticoid excess (such as in Conn's syndrome or hyperaldosteronism) causes metabolic alkalosis through multiple mechanisms: increased H+ ion secretion in the renal tubules, hypokalemia (which leads to intracellular H+ shift), and increased urinary acid excretion. The opposite condition - mineralocorticoid deficiency - would cause metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.

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