Multiple choice

The factors related to location and relief features, which determine the climate of India, are

  1. longitudinal extent
  2. distribution of land and water
  3. distance from the sea
  4. altitude

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 3

  3. 2, 3 and 4

  4. All of them
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C Correct answer
Explanation

The factors related to location and relief features, which determine the climate of India, are -

  1. Latitudinal extent (not longitudinal extent): The Tropic of Cancer passes through the central part of India in east-west direction. 
  2. Distribution of land and water: India is flanked by the Indian Ocean on three sides in the south and girdled by a high and continuous mountain-wall in the north. 
  3. Distance from the sea: With a long coastline, large coastal areas have an equable climate. Areas in the interior of India are far away from the moderating influence of the sea. 
  4. Altitude: Temperature decreases with height. Due to thin air, places in the mountains are cooler than places on the plains. For example, Agra and Darjeeling are located on the same latitude, but temperature of January in Agra is 16°C whereas it is only 4°C in Darjeeling. 

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