Multiple choice

Darwin was influenced by reading the essay of

  1. Lyell

  2. Malthus

  3. Wallace

  4. Herbert Spencer
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B Correct answer
Explanation

Thomas Malthus wrote 'An Essay on the Principle of Population' (1798), arguing that human populations grow faster than resources can support. Darwin read this and realized its implications - competition for limited resources would lead to differential survival. This insight helped Darwin formulate natural selection. Lyell influenced Darwin's geological understanding, while Wallace independently conceived natural selection. Herbert Spencer later coined 'survival of the fittest'.

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