Multiple choice

From the Bowman's capsule, the glomerular filtrate enters into ___________.

  1. tubular part of nephron

  2. urinary bladder

  3. urethra

  4. collecting duct
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A Correct answer
Explanation

The structural and functional unit in kidneys is nephron. Each nephron is made up of two main parts: Malpighian body and renal tubule. Renal tubule is the tubular part of the nephron. Malpighian body comprises cup shaped Bowman's capsule and a network of blood capillaries (glomerulus). The Bowman's capsule leads into the renal tubule, which leads to proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) and then to descending limb of loop of Henle, further to ascending limb and then to distal convoluted tubul, which further leads to collecting duct . Urine formation involves the filtration of blood, which is carried out by blood capillaries (glomerulus). On an average, 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute. The glomerular capillary blood pressure causes filtration of blood through membranes, and almost all the constituents of the plasma, except the proteins, are passed through the lumen of Bowman's capsule (cup shaped part of nephron, which receives the glomerular filtrate). From here, the glomerular filtrate enters the tubular part of nephron, i.e. renal tubule.

Excretory system of human beings includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder and a urethra. Kidneys are located in the abdomen, one each on either side of the backbone. Urine, produced in the kidneys, passes through the ureters into the urinary bladder where it is released through the urethra.
Ureters are the long tubes, which connect the kidneys with the urinary bladder. Urinary bladder is muscular sac where urine is stored until the pressure of the expanded bladder leads to urge to pass it out through the urethra.
Collecting duct is a long duct where large amount of water is reabsorbed and concentrated urine is produced. Therefore, correct answer is tubular part of nephron.

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