To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:
Option A) The running application crashes - This option is incorrect because if a Runtime Exception is thrown in the finalize method, it does not necessarily mean that the entire application will crash. The finalize method is called by the garbage collector before an object is garbage collected, and any exception thrown in this method does not directly affect the running application.
Option B) The exception is simply ignored and the object is garbage collected - This option is correct. When a Runtime Exception is thrown in the finalize method, it is simply ignored by the garbage collector. The object will still be eligible for garbage collection and will be collected at some point in the future.
Option C) The exception is simply ignored, but the object is not garbage collected - This option is incorrect. Regardless of whether an exception is thrown in the finalize method or not, the object will still be eligible for garbage collection. The exception does not prevent the object from being garbage collected.
Option D) If a Runtime Exception is thrown in the finalize method - This option is incomplete and does not provide a complete statement.
The correct answer is B) The exception is simply ignored and the object is garbage collected. This option is correct because any exception thrown in the finalize method is ignored and does not prevent the object from being garbage collected.