To answer this question, let's go through each line of code to understand what it does:
- The Test class is defined.
- The main method is defined with the parameter "args" of type String array.
- An object "b" is created of type A, but it refers to an instance of class B. This is possible because class B is a subclass of class A.
- The "newValue" method is called with the object "b" as an argument.
- The main method ends.
- The "newValue" method is defined with a parameter "a" of type A.
- The "instanceof" operator is used to check if the object "a" is an instance of class B.
- If the condition in line 7 is true, the printValue method is called on the object "a" after casting it to type B.
- The method ends.
- The Test class ends.
Since the object "b" is an instance of class B, the condition in line 7 is true. Therefore, the printValue method of class B is called in line 8, which prints "B" to the console. Hence, the output of the code is:
C) B