This is a network layer attack consisting of capturing packets from the network transmitted by others' computers and reading the data content in search of sensitive information like passwords, session tokens, or any kind of confidential information.

Network eavesdropping (packet sniffing) is passively capturing traffic as it crosses the network and inspecting the payloads for sensitive data like passwords or session tokens. A man-in-the-middle attack goes further by actively intercepting and potentially altering the communication, not just reading it, which is why it's a distinct (and more active) category. Page hijacking and path manipulation involve redirecting or exploiting file/URL paths rather than passively reading network traffic.

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